0001086222-23-000078 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

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Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited) - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Provision for income taxes		$ (34,466)	$ (32,755)	$ (19,837)					$ (52,592)	$ (87,058)	$ (126,696)	$ (62,571)	$ (45,922)
Net income	$ 128,762	$ 123,694	$ 137,840	$ 133,376	$ 160,534	$ 178,916	$ 156,497	$ 155,695	$ 271,216	$ 394,910	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.86	$ 0.83	$ 0.99	$ 1.10	$ 0.96	$ 0.95	$ 1.69	$ 2.47	$ 3.29	$ 4.01	$ 3.43
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.85	$ 0.82	$ 0.97	$ 1.08	$ 0.94	$ 0.94	$ 1.67	$ 2.45	$ 3.26	$ 3.93	$ 3.37
As Previously Reported
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Provision for income taxes		$ (50,006)	$ (51,058)	$ (34,050)					$ (85,108)	$ (135,114)
Net income		$ 108,154	$ 119,537	$ 119,163					$ 238,700	$ 346,854
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)		$ 0.68	$ 0.75	$ 0.74					$ 1.49	$ 2.17
Diluted (in dollars per share)		$ 0.68	$ 0.74	$ 0.73					$ 1.47	$ 2.15
Adjustment
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Provision for income taxes		$ 15,540	$ 18,303	$ 14,213					$ 32,516	$ 48,056
Net income		$ 15,540	$ 18,303	$ 14,213					$ 32,516	$ 48,056
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)		$ 0.10	$ 0.11	$ 0.09					$ 0.20	$ 0.30
Diluted (in dollars per share)		$ 0.10	$ 0.11	$ 0.09					$ 0.20	$ 0.30

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

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- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

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- Definition

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

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- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

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+ Details

Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except years):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Computer and networking equipment	$	2,139,518	$	1,981,775	3-7
Purchased software	89,695		89,347		3-10
Furniture and fixtures	71,427		71,381		1-7
Office equipment	41,866		42,616		3-5
Leasehold improvements	229,037		227,358		1-15
Internal-use software	1,529,264		1,382,099		2-7
Property and equipment, gross	4,100,807		3,794,576
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,560,625)		(2,260,247)
Property and equipment, net	$	1,540,182	$	1,534,329

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $527.8 million, $502.6 million and $436.3 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company capitalized $32.3 million, $35.0 million and $38.0 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation related to employees who developed and enhanced internal-use software applications.

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company wrote off $210.2 million and $283.4 million, respectively, of property and equipment, gross, along with the associated accumulated depreciation and amortization. The write-offs were primarily related to computer and networking equipment and internal-use software no longer in use. These assets had been substantially depreciated and amortized. In addition, the Company wrote off $9.1 million and $3.4 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to internal-use software and facility-related property and equipment as a result of certain restructuring actions.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, which is reported as a component of stockholders' equity, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	Foreign Currency Translation		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2021	$	(33,295)	$	13,094	$	(20,201)
Other comprehensive loss	(38,514)		(10,390)		(48,904)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	(71,809)		2,704		(69,105)
Other comprehensive loss	(44,665)		(26,562)		(71,227)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(116,474)	$	(23,858)	$	(140,332)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income were immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Prepaid income taxes	$	33,898	$	32,021
Prepaid sales and other taxes	31,285		28,300
Prepaid equipment and software maintenance	16,348		10,661
Deferred commissions	37,316		43,562
Other prepaid expenses	51,194		35,109
Other current assets	14,999		16,660
Total	$	185,040	$	166,313

Incremental Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer

Deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts, specifically commission and incentive payments, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred costs included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	37,316	$	43,562
Deferred costs included in other assets	29,069		30,436
Total deferred costs	$	66,385	$	73,998

Information related to incremental costs to obtain a contract with a customer for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Amortization expense related to deferred costs	$	52,691	$	58,433	$	61,682
Incremental costs capitalized	47,416		56,509		67,058

Amortization expense related to deferred costs is primarily included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 4,530,014	$ 4,251,296	$ 3,657,958
Other comprehensive loss	(71,227)	(48,904)	24,943
Ending Balance	4,360,187	4,530,014	4,251,296
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(69,105)	(20,201)	(45,144)
Ending Balance	(140,332)	(69,105)	(20,201)
Foreign Currency Translation
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(71,809)	(33,295)
Other comprehensive loss	(44,665)	(38,514)
Ending Balance	(116,474)	(71,809)	(33,295)
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	2,704	13,094
Other comprehensive loss	(26,562)	(10,390)
Ending Balance	$ (23,858)	$ 2,704	$ 13,094

- Definition

Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84165509&loc=d3e56426-112766

Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 310
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122038336&loc=d3e74512-122707

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123596393&loc=d3e14064-108612

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114001798&loc=d3e33918-111571

+ Details

Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited) - Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Deferred income tax assets	$ 337,677	$ 314,834	$ 312,515	$ 274,556	$ 168,342
Total assets	8,303,400	8,136,481	8,230,752	8,312,389	8,138,673
Deferred income tax liabilities	18,400	19,202	26,549	35,528	40,974
Total liabilities	3,943,213	3,855,241	3,917,758	3,997,654	3,608,659
Retained earnings	1,920,351	1,791,589	1,667,895	1,530,055	1,256,692
Total stockholders’ equity	4,360,187	4,281,240	4,312,994	4,314,735	4,530,014	$ 4,251,296	$ 3,657,958
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 8,303,400	8,136,481	8,230,752	8,312,389	$ 8,138,673
As Previously Reported
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Deferred income tax assets		285,722	292,817	265,946
Total assets		8,107,369	8,211,054	8,303,779
Deferred income tax liabilities		38,146	39,367	41,131
Total liabilities		3,874,185	3,930,576	4,003,257
Retained earnings		1,743,533	1,635,379	1,515,842
Total stockholders’ equity		4,233,184	4,280,478	4,300,522
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		8,107,369	8,211,054	8,303,779
Adjustment
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Deferred income tax assets		29,112	19,698	8,610
Total assets		29,112	19,698	8,610
Deferred income tax liabilities		(18,944)	(12,818)	(5,603)
Total liabilities		(18,944)	(12,818)	(5,603)
Retained earnings		48,056	32,516	14,213
Total stockholders’ equity		48,056	32,516	14,213
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$ 29,112	$ 19,698	$ 8,610

Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	0.00%
Pre-tax unrecognized compensation cost	$ 399.3
Weighted average period for recognizing compensation cost (in years)	2 years
Closing stock price (in dollars per share)	$ 84.30
In the money options exercisable (in shares)	1,002
Capitalized Internal Use Software
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional stock based compensation	$ 31.3	$ 32.4	$ 29.6
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period	10 years
Total pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised		$ 0.6	$ 1.0
Stock options \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period	3 years
Stock options \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period	4 years
ESPP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted average fair value of equity instruments other than options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 33.26	$ 36.17	$ 32.30
Deferred Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average fair value of equity instruments other than options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 97.40	$ 114.56	$ 100.58
Each DSU receives this number of shares of common stock upon vesting (in whole numbers)	1
Holder elect to defer vested shares period, minimum (in years)	1 year
Holder elect to defer vested shares period, maximum (in years)	10 years
The amount typically vested by anniversary grant date (percentage)	100.00%
Director's minimum period of service before vesting accelerates (in years)	1 year
Total pre-tax intrinsic value end of year	$ 4.9	$ 4.1	$ 0.9
Total fair value of vested and distributed	$ 3.3	$ 2.7	$ 0.7
Unvested deferred stock units (in shares)	27,306
Aggregate intrinsic value	$ 2.3
Weighted average contractual remaining life (in years)	4 months 24 days
Granted (in shares)	27,000
Deferred Stock Units \| Director Vesting Acceleration
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percentage	100.00%
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average fair value of equity instruments other than options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 107.17	$ 99.09	$ 92.42
Total pre-tax intrinsic value end of year	$ 227.1	$ 226.4	$ 192.5
Total fair value of vested and distributed	231.7	$ 233.0	$ 198.9
Aggregate intrinsic value	$ 445.1
Weighted average contractual remaining life (in years)	2 years 3 months 18 days
Each RSU receives this number of shares of common stock upon vesting	1
Restricted stock unit vesting provision, minimum (in years)	3 years
Restricted stock unit vesting provision, maximum (in years)	4 years
Granted (in shares)	3,563,000
Number of equity instruments other than options unvested (in shares)	5,300,000
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) \| Linode
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)	172,271
2013 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock approved for issuance under plan (in shares)	26,500,000
Common stock available for grant (in shares)	6,200,000
2009 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock available for grant (in shares)	3,800,000
1999 ESPP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum amount of shares available for issuance (in shares)	1,500,000
Aggregate amount of shares available, maximum (in shares)	20,000,000
Discount on fair market value for purchase of stock (in percentage)	15.00%
Share purchase interval term (in months)	6 months
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)	700,000	600,000	700,000
Weighted average purchase price (in dollars per share)	$ 82.83	$ 92.05	$ 80.71
Total cash proceeds from shares purchased	$ 56.6	$ 59.7	$ 58.4
Amount withheld from employees for future purchases	$ 5.8

Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation	Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation Akamai Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) provides solutions to power and protect life online. Its massively distributed edge and cloud platform comprises more than 4,100 locations across more than 130 countries. The Company was incorporated in Delaware in 1998 and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Company is currently organized and operates as one reportable and operating segment. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Accounts Receivable - Activity in Allowance for Expected Credit Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 1,397	$ 1,822	$ 1,880
Charges to income from operations	9,292	4,576	12,347
Collections from customers previously reserved and other	(4,772)	(5,001)	(12,405)
Ending balance	$ 5,917	$ 1,397	$ 1,822

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Performance Obligation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue recognized	$ 105.1	$ 78.8	$ 69.9
Remaining performance obligation	$ 3,500.0
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, percentage	65.00%
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing	12 months

Commitments and Contingencies - Purchase Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Bandwidth Commitments
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
2023	$ 82,949
2024	23,487
2025	10,519
2026	1,065
2027	46
Total	118,066
Purchase Order Commitments
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
2023	378,816
2024	45,113
2025	8,094
2026	2,427
2027	546
Total	$ 434,996

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Available-for-sale marketable securities held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


			Gross Unrealized				Aggregate Fair Value		Classification on Balance Sheet
	Amortized Cost								Short-Term Marketable Securities		Long-Term Marketable Securities
As of December 31, 2022			Gains		Losses
Time deposits	$	19,530	$	—	$	—	$	19,530	$	19,530	$	—

Corporate bonds	624,082		—		(21,029)		603,053		362,458		240,595

U.S. government agency obligations	252,573		—		(10,391)		242,182		180,320		61,862
	$	896,185	$	—	$	(31,420)	$	864,765	$	562,308	$	302,457

As of December 31, 2021

Commercial paper	$	25,056	$	—	$	(24)	$	25,032	$	25,032	$	—
Corporate bonds	1,268,991		1,191		(4,275)		1,265,907		459,012		806,895

U.S. government agency obligations	316,728		3		(1,281)		315,450		56,530		258,920
	$	1,610,775	$	1,194	$	(5,580)	$	1,606,389	$	540,574	$	1,065,815

The Company offers certain eligible employees the ability to participate in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan. The mutual funds held by the Company that are associated with this plan are classified as restricted trading securities. These securities are not included in the available-for-sale securities table above but are included in marketable securities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Unrealized gains and unrealized temporary losses on investments classified as available-for-sale are included within accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheets. Upon realization, those amounts are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest and marketable securities income, net in the consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2022, the Company held for investment corporate bonds with a fair value of $835.4 million, which are classified as available-for-sale marketable securities and have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. The unrealized losses related to these corporate bonds were $31.3 million and are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2022. The unrealized losses are attributable to changes in interest rates. Based on the evaluation of available evidence, the Company does not believe any unrealized losses represent other than temporary impairments.

The fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	Total Fair Value		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
			Level 1		Level 2
As of December 31, 2022
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Money market funds	$	999	$	999	$	—
Time deposits	285,830		—		285,830

Corporate bonds	603,053		—		603,053

U.S. government agency obligations	242,182		—		242,182
Mutual funds	18,745		18,745		—
	$	1,150,809	$	19,744	$	1,131,065

As of December 31, 2021
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Money market funds	$	109,313	$	109,313	$	—

Commercial paper	39,031		—		39,031
Corporate bonds	1,265,907		—		1,265,907

U.S. government agency obligations	315,450		—		315,450
Mutual funds	23,129		23,129		—
	$	1,752,830	$	132,442	$	1,620,388

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company grouped money market and mutual funds using a Level 1 valuation because market prices for such investments are readily available in active markets. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company grouped time deposits, commercial paper, U.S. government agency obligations and corporate bonds using a Level 2 valuation because quoted prices for similar assets in active markets (or identical assets in an inactive market) are available. The Company did not have any transfers of assets or liabilities between Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

When developing fair value estimates, the Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to measure fair value. The valuation technique used to measure fair value for the Company's Level 1 and Level 2 assets is a market approach, using prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets. If market prices are not available, the fair value measurement is based on models that use primarily market-based parameters including yield curves, volatilities, credit ratings and currency rates. In certain cases where market rate assumptions are not available, the Company is required to make judgments about the assumptions market participants would use to estimate the fair value of a financial instrument.

Contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Due in 1 year or less	$	562,308	$	540,574
Due after 1 year through 5 years	302,457		1,065,815
	$	864,765	$	1,606,389

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Equity Method Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Loss from equity method investment		$ 7,635	$ 14,008	$ 13,106
GO-NET
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership percentage		20.00%
Equity method investment	$ 7,500
Loss from equity method investment			14,000	13,100
Impairment loss	$ 7,500			11,000
Revenue from related party		$ 4,000	$ 10,100	$ 11,100

- Definition

Amount of revenue, fees and commissions earned from transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiaries; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) an entity and trusts for the benefit of employees, for example, but not limited to, pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entity's management; (d) an entity and its principal, owners, management, or members of their immediate families; and (e) affiliates.

+ References

+ Details

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company sells its services through a sales force located both domestically and abroad. Revenue derived from operations outside of the U.S. is determined based on the country in which the sale originated. Other than the U.S., no single country accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue for any reported period. Revenue by geography included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	1,902,051	$	1,837,508	$	1,777,435
International	1,714,603		1,623,715		1,420,714
Total revenue	$	3,616,654	$	3,461,223	$	3,198,149

The Company reports its revenue in three solution categories: security, delivery and compute. Prior to January 1, 2022, revenue by solution was reported by product group: Security Technology Group and Edge Technology Group. Revenue from security solutions was previously presented as Security Technology Group revenue and revenue from delivery and compute solutions was previously presented as Edge Technology Group revenue. The periods presented prior to January 1, 2022 have been revised to reflect this new presentation. Security includes solutions that are designed to protect business online by keeping infrastructure, websites, applications and users safe. Delivery includes solutions that are designed to enable business online, including media delivery and web performance. Compute includes cloud computing, edge applications, cloud optimization and storage. Revenue by solution category included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Security	$	1,541,941	$	1,334,836	$	1,061,622
Delivery	1,669,257		1,873,243		1,929,810
Compute	405,456		253,144		206,717
Total revenue	$	3,616,654	$	3,461,223	$	3,198,149

Most security, delivery and compute services represent obligations that are satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the services provided by the Company. Accordingly, the majority of the Company's revenue is recognized over time, generally ratably over the term of the arrangement due to consistent monthly usage commitments that expire each period. Any usage over a given commitment is recognized in the period in which the units are served. A small percentage of the Company's contracts are satisfied at a point in time, such as one-time professional services contracts, integration services and most license sales where the primary obligation is delivery of the license at the start of the term. In these cases, revenue is recognized at a point in time of delivery or satisfaction of the performance obligation.

During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $105.1 million, $78.8 million and $69.9 million of revenue that was included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate amount of remaining performance obligations from contracts with customers was $3.5 billion. The Company expects to recognize approximately 65% of its remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter. Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of the transaction price under contracts with customers that are attributable to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially satisfied at the reporting date. This consists of future committed revenue for monthly, quarterly or annual periods within current contracts with customers, as well as deferred revenue arising from consideration invoiced in prior periods for which the related performance obligations have not been satisfied. It excludes estimates of variable consideration such as usage-based contracts with no committed contract as well as anticipated renewed contracts. Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods was not material.

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 10
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130551-203045

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
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+ Details

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue by geography included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	1,902,051	$	1,837,508	$	1,777,435
International	1,714,603		1,623,715		1,420,714
Total revenue	$	3,616,654	$	3,461,223	$	3,198,149

Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Security	$	1,541,941	$	1,334,836	$	1,061,622
Delivery	1,669,257		1,873,243		1,929,810
Compute	405,456		253,144		206,717
Total revenue	$	3,616,654	$	3,461,223	$	3,198,149

Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Convertible Senior Notes – Due 2027

In August 2019, the Company issued $1,150.0 million in par value of convertible senior notes due 2027 (the "2027 Notes"). The 2027 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company, bear regular interest of 0.375%, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, and mature on September 1, 2027, unless repurchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to maturity.

Each $1,000 principal amount of the notes will be convertible into 8.6073 shares of the Company's common stock, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $116.18 per share, subject to adjustments in certain events. At their option, holders may convert their 2027 Notes prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 1, 2027, only under the following circumstances:

•during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended December 31, 2019 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;

•during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2027 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or

•upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

On or after May 1, 2027, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2027 Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

In December 2021, the Company made an irrevocable election to settle the principal amount of the 2027 Notes only in cash. Accordingly, upon conversion, the Company will pay the principal amount in cash and will pay, or deliver, as the case may be, any amount in excess of the principal amount in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company stock, at the Company's election. Prior to this election, upon conversion, the Company, could have elected to deliver to holders cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock for the principal amount.

Prior to January 1, 2022, in accounting for the issuance of the 2027 Notes, the Company separated the 2027 Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying cost of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar debt obligation that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2027 Notes. The difference between the principal amount of the 2027 Notes and the proceeds allocated to the liability component (“debt discount”) is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2027 Notes. The equity component is recorded in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet to meet the conditions for equity classification. On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments, which eliminated the equity component. Refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for details on the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments.

Initially, the Company allocated the total transaction costs incurred to the liability and equity components based on their relative values. However, subsequent to the adoption of the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments, all transaction costs are presented as a reduction to the 2027 Notes. Prior to January 1, 2022, transaction costs attributable to the liability component were being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes, and subsequent to the adoption of the new guidance, all transaction costs are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes.

The 2027 Notes consisted of the following components as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Liability component:
Principal	$	1,150,000	$	1,150,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(8,707)		(169,030)
Net carrying amount	$	1,141,293	$	980,970

Equity component:	$	—	$	220,529

The estimated fair value of the 2027 Notes at December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1,111.0 million and $1,359.3 million, respectively. The fair value was determined based on the quoted price of the 2027 Notes in an inactive market on the last trading day of the reporting period and has been classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Based on the closing price of the Company's common stock of $84.30 on December 31, 2022, the value of the 2027 Notes if converted to common stock was less than the principal amount of $1,150.0 million.

The Company used $100.0 million of the proceeds from the offering to repurchase shares of its common stock, concurrent with the issuance of the 2027 Notes. The repurchase was made in accordance with a share repurchase program previously approved by the board of directors. Additionally, $127.1 million of the proceeds was used for the net cost of the convertible note hedge and warrant transactions. The remaining net proceeds are intended to be used for share repurchases, working capital and general corporate purposes, including potential acquisitions and other strategic transactions.

Note Hedge

To minimize the impact of potential dilution upon conversion of the 2027 Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions with respect to its common stock in August 2019. The Company paid $312.2 million for the note hedge transactions. The note hedge transactions cover approximately 9.9 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a strike price that corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2027 Notes, also subject to adjustment, and are exercisable upon conversion of the 2027 Notes. The Company determined that the note hedge meets the definition of a derivative and is classified in stockholders’ equity, as the note hedge is indexed to the Company's common stock, and the Company, at its election, may receive cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. The Company recorded the purchase of the hedge as a decrease to additional paid-in capital. The Company does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the note hedge in its consolidated financial statements.

Warrants

Separately, in August 2019, the Company entered into warrant transactions, whereby the Company sold warrants to acquire, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, up to 9.9 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a strike price of approximately $178.74 per share. The Company received aggregate proceeds of $185.2 million from the sale of the warrants. The convertible note hedge and warrant transactions will generally have the effect of increasing the conversion price of the 2027 Notes to approximately $178.74 per share. The Company determined that the warrants meet the definition of a derivative and are classified in stockholders’ equity, as the warrants are indexed to the Company's common stock, and the Company, at its election, may pay or deliver to holders cash or shares of the Company's common stock. The Company recorded the proceeds from issuance of the warrants as an increase to additional paid-in capital. The Company does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the warrants in its consolidated financial statements.

Convertible Senior Notes – Due 2025

In May 2018, the Company issued $1,150.0 million in par value of convertible senior notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"). The 2025 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company, bear regular interest of 0.125%, payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year, and mature on May 1, 2025, unless repurchased or converted prior to maturity.

Each $1,000 principal amount of the notes will be convertible into 10.5150 shares of the Company's common stock, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $95.10 per share, subject to adjustments in certain events. At their option, holders may convert their 2025 Notes prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2025, only under the following circumstances:

•during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended June 30, 2018 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;

•during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2025 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or

•upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

On or after January 1, 2025, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2025 Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

In December 2021, the Company made an irrevocable election to settle the principal amount of the 2025 Notes only in cash. Accordingly, upon conversion, the Company will pay the principal amount in cash and will pay, or deliver, as the case may be, any amount in excess of the principal amount in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company stock, at the Company's election. Prior to this election, upon conversion, the Company, could have elected to deliver to holders cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock for the principal amount.

Prior to January 1, 2022, in accounting for the issuance of the 2025 Notes, the Company separated the 2025 Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying cost of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar debt obligation that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2025 Notes. The difference between the principal amount of the 2025 Notes and the proceeds allocated to the liability component (“debt discount”) is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2025 Notes. The equity component is recorded in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet to meet the conditions for equity classification. On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments, which eliminated the equity component. Refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for details on the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments.

Initially, the Company allocated the total transaction costs incurred to the liability and equity components based on their relative values. However, subsequent to the adoption of the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments, all transaction costs are presented as a reduction to the 2025 Notes. Prior to January 1, 2022, transaction costs attributable to the liability component were being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2025 Notes, and subsequent to the adoption of the new guidance, all transaction costs are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2025 Notes.

The 2025 Notes consisted of the following components as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Liability component:
Principal	$	1,150,000	$	1,150,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(6,035)		(154,803)
Net carrying amount	$	1,143,965	$	995,197

Equity component:	$	—	$	285,225

The estimated fair value of the 2025 Notes at December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1,209.1 million and $1,510.4 million, respectively. The fair value was determined based on the quoted price of the 2025 Notes in an inactive market on the last trading day of the reporting period and has been classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Based on the closing price of the Company's common stock of $84.30 on December 31, 2022, the value of the 2025 Notes if converted to common stock was less than the principal amount of $1,150.0 million.

The Company used $46.2 million of the proceeds from the offering to repurchase shares of its common stock, concurrent with the issuance of the 2025 Notes. The repurchase was made in accordance with a share repurchase program previously approved by the board of directors. Additionally, $141.8 million of the proceeds was used for the net cost of convertible note hedge and warrant transactions. The Company also used a portion of the net proceeds to repay at maturity $690.0 million in par value of convertible senior notes due in 2019. The remaining net proceeds are intended to be used for share repurchases, working capital and general corporate purposes, including potential acquisitions and other strategic transactions.

Note Hedge

To minimize the impact of potential dilution upon conversion of the 2025 Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions with respect to its common stock in May 2018. The Company paid $261.7 million for the note hedge transactions. The note hedge transactions cover approximately 12.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a strike price that corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2025 Notes, also subject to adjustment, and are exercisable upon conversion of the 2025 Notes. The Company determined that the note hedge meets the definition of a derivative and is classified in stockholders’ equity, as the note hedge is indexed to the Company's common stock, and the Company, at its election, may receive cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. The Company recorded the purchase of the hedge as a decrease to additional paid-in capital. The Company does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the note hedge in its consolidated financial statements.

Warrants

Separately, in May 2018, the Company entered into warrant transactions, whereby the Company sold warrants to acquire, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, up to 12.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a strike price of approximately $149.18 per share. The Company received aggregate proceeds of $119.9 million from the sale of the warrants. The convertible note hedge and warrant transactions will generally have the effect of increasing the conversion price of the 2025 Notes to approximately $149.18 per share. The Company determined that the warrants meet the definition of a derivative and are classified in stockholders’ equity, as the warrants are indexed to the Company's common stock, and the Company, at its election, may pay or deliver to holders cash or shares of the Company's common stock. The Company recorded the proceeds from issuance of the warrants as an increase to additional paid-in capital. The Company does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the warrants in its consolidated financial statements.

Revolving Credit Facility

In May 2018, the Company entered into a $500.0 million five-year, revolving credit agreement (the “2018 Credit Agreement”). Borrowings under the 2018 Credit Agreement bore interest, at the Company's option, at a base rate plus a spread of 0.00% to 0.25% or an adjusted LIBOR rate plus a spread of 0.875% to 1.25%, in each case with such spread being determined based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio specified in the 2018 Credit Agreement. Regardless of what amounts, if any, outstanding under the 2018 Credit Agreement, the Company was also obligated to pay an ongoing commitment fee on undrawn amounts at a rate of 0.075% to 0.15%, with such rate being based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio specified in the 2018 Credit Agreement.

In November 2022, the Company entered into a $500.0 million five-year, revolving credit agreement (the “2022 Credit Agreement”). The 2022 Credit Agreement replaces the 2018 Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement may be used to finance working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for an initial $500.0 million in revolving loans. Under specified circumstances, the facility can be increased to up to $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount. The 2022 Credit Agreement expires, and any amounts outstanding thereunder will become due and payable, on November 22, 2027, subject to up to two one-year extensions at the Company's request and with the consent of the lenders party thereto.

Borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company's option, and subject to a credit spread adjustment, at a term benchmark rate plus a spread of 0.75% to 1.125%, a reference rate plus a spread of 0.75% to 1.125%, or a base rate plus a spread of 0.00% to 0.125%, in each case with such spread being determined based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio specified in the 2022 Credit Agreement. Regardless of what amounts, if any, are outstanding under the 2022 Credit Agreement, the Company is also obligated to pay an ongoing commitment fee on undrawn amounts at a rate of 0.07% to 0.125%, with such rate being based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio specified in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The 2022 Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The negative covenants include restrictions on subsidiary indebtedness, liens and fundamental changes. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. The principal financial covenant requires a maximum consolidated leverage ratio. There were no outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022.

Interest Expense

The 2027 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 0.375%, with interest is payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year. The 2025 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 0.125%, with interest is payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year. The Company is also obligated to pay ongoing commitment fees under the terms of its credit agreements, in addition to interest payable on outstanding borrowings. Prior to the adoption of the new guidance for accounting for convertible instruments on January 1, 2022, the Company also amortized as interest expense the value of debt discounts of the 2027 Notes and the 2025 Notes. Interest expense included in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	$	4,688	$	69,697	$	67,153
Coupon interest payable on 2025 Notes	1,437		1,437		1,437
Coupon interest payable on 2027 Notes	4,312		4,313		4,312
Interest payable under credit agreements	952		557		548
Capitalization of interest expense	(293)		(3,672)		(4,330)
Total interest expense	$	11,096	$	72,332	$	69,120

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(44,665)	(38,514)	19,629
Change in unrealized (loss) gain on investments, net of income tax benefit (provision) of $6,589, $3,412 and $(2,720) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively	(26,562)	(10,390)	5,314
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(71,227)	(48,904)	24,943
Comprehensive income	$ 452,445	$ 602,738	$ 581,997

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

+ Details

Accrued Expenses - Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Payroll and other related benefits	$ 172,670	$ 222,535
Income taxes payable	76,459	72,946
Bandwidth and co-location expenses	79,937	72,904
Property, use and other taxes	30,711	33,883
Professional service fees	3,054	2,929
Other accrued expenses	4,186	6,393
Total	$ 367,017	$ 411,590

Acquisitions - Schedule of Acquired Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Oct. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2022
Linode
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets	$ 196,020
Weighted average useful life				12 years 2 months 12 days
Linode \| Customer-related intangible assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets	$ 84,200
Weighted average useful life	16 years 9 months 18 days
Linode \| Completed technologies
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets	$ 70,900
Weighted average useful life	5 years 9 months 18 days
Linode \| Trademarks and trade name
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets	$ 6,600
Weighted average useful life	8 years 9 months 18 days
Linode \| Acquired license rights
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets	$ 34,320
Weighted average useful life	15 years
Guardicore Ltd.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets		$ 123,600
Weighted average useful life		14 years 7 months 6 days
Guardicore Ltd. \| Customer-related intangible assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets		$ 44,200
Weighted average useful life		14 years
Guardicore Ltd. \| Completed technologies
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets		$ 79,000
Weighted average useful life		15 years
Guardicore Ltd. \| Trademarks and trade name
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets		$ 400
Weighted average useful life		1 year 10 months 24 days
Asavie
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets			$ 58,070
Weighted average useful life			10 years 9 months 18 days
Asavie \| Customer-related intangible assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets			$ 40,400
Weighted average useful life			11 years 1 month 6 days
Asavie \| Completed technologies
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets			$ 17,300
Weighted average useful life			10 years 1 month 6 days
Asavie \| Trademarks and trade name
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets			$ 100
Weighted average useful life			10 months 24 days
Asavie \| Non-compete agreements
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount of intangible assets			$ 270
Weighted average useful life			2 years 10 months 24 days

Net Income per Share - Schedule of Components (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Numerator:
Net income	$ 128,762	$ 123,694	$ 137,840	$ 133,376	$ 160,534	$ 178,916	$ 156,497	$ 155,695	$ 271,216	$ 394,910	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Denominator:
Shares used for basic net income per share (in shares)											159,089	162,665	162,490
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options (in shares)											21	21	31
RSUs and deferred stock units (in shares)											637	1,518	1,819
Convertible senior notes (in shares)											720	1,600	873
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes (in shares)											0	0	0
Shares used for diluted net income per share (in shares)											160,467	165,804	165,213
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.86	$ 0.83	$ 0.99	$ 1.10	$ 0.96	$ 0.95	$ 1.69	$ 2.47	$ 3.29	$ 4.01	$ 3.43
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.85	$ 0.82	$ 0.97	$ 1.08	$ 0.94	$ 0.94	$ 1.67	$ 2.45	$ 3.26	$ 3.93	$ 3.37

Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had long-term commitments for bandwidth usage with various networks and ISPs. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022, the Company had entered into purchase orders with various vendors. The minimum future commitments as of December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Bandwidth Commitments		Purchase Order Commitments
2023	$	82,949	$	378,816
2024	23,487		45,113
2025	10,519		8,094
2026	1,065		2,427
2027	46		546

Total	$	118,066	$	434,996

Legal Matters

The Company is party to various litigation matters that management considers routine and incidental to its business. Management does not expect the results of any of these routine actions to have a material effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Indemnification

The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally the Company's business partners, vendors or customers, in connection with its provision of its services. Generally, these obligations are limited to claims relating to infringement of a patent, copyright or other intellectual property right or the Company’s negligence, willful misconduct or violation of law. Subject to applicable statutes of limitation, the term of each of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual from the time of execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Company carries insurance that covers certain third-party claims relating to its services and activities and that could limit the Company’s exposure in that respect.

The Company has agreed to indemnify each of its officers and directors, or employees who serve as officers or directors of its subsidiaries at management's request, during his or her lifetime for certain events or occurrences that happen by reason of the fact that the officer or director is or was or has agreed to serve as an officer or director of the Company. The Company has director and officer insurance policies that may limit its exposure and may enable the Company to recover a portion of certain future amounts paid.

To date, the Company has not encountered material costs as a result of such indemnification obligations and has not accrued any related liabilities in its financial statements. In assessing whether to establish an accrual, the Company considers such factors as the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, which is reported as a component of stockholders' equity, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	Foreign Currency Translation		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2021	$	(33,295)	$	13,094	$	(20,201)
Other comprehensive loss	(38,514)		(10,390)		(48,904)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	(71,809)		2,704		(69,105)
Other comprehensive loss	(44,665)		(26,562)		(71,227)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(116,474)	$	(23,858)	$	(140,332)

Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 4,100,807	$ 3,794,576
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,560,625)	(2,260,247)
Property and equipment, net	1,540,182	1,534,329
Computer and networking equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	2,139,518	1,981,775
Purchased software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	89,695	89,347
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	71,427	71,381
Office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	41,866	42,616
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	229,037	227,358
Internal-use software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,529,264	$ 1,382,099
Minimum \| Computer and networking equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	3 years
Minimum \| Purchased software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	3 years
Minimum \| Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	1 year
Minimum \| Office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	3 years
Minimum \| Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	1 year
Minimum \| Internal-use software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	2 years
Maximum \| Computer and networking equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	7 years
Maximum \| Purchased software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	10 years
Maximum \| Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	7 years
Maximum \| Office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	5 years
Maximum \| Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	15 years
Maximum \| Internal-use software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	7 years

Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited)

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Revision of Previously Issued Financial Statements

During the preparation of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, an error was identified in the Company’s accounting for an intercompany sale of intellectual property that occurred during 2022. During each of the first three quarters of 2022, the Company failed to record a deferred tax asset in the jurisdiction where the intellectual property was sold for the step up in tax basis that was achieved with the sale. This caused net deferred taxes to be understated in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, the provision for income taxes to be overstated and net income and earnings per share to be understated in the interim condensed consolidated statements of income. Management evaluated the error and determined that the related impact was not material to any of the Company's previously issued financial statements.

The financial data below has been derived from the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q filed for the respective periods, with 2022 periods adjusted to reflect the impact of the error. The Company will also correct previously reported financial information for this error in its future filings, as applicable.


(in thousands, except per share data)	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Year ended December 31, 2022
Revenue	$	903,647	$	903,332	$	881,896	$	927,779
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets)	332,752		346,649		346,450		357,968
Net income	133,376		137,840		123,694		128,762
Basic net income per share	0.83		0.86		0.78		0.82
Diluted net income per share	0.82		0.85		0.78		0.82
Year ended December 31, 2021
Revenue	$	842,708	$	852,824	$	860,333	$	905,358
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets)	306,687		320,000		316,866		325,403
Net income	155,695		156,497		178,916		160,534
Basic net income per share	0.95		0.96		1.10		0.99
Diluted net income per share	0.94		0.94		1.08		0.97

The changes to the condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of the error were as follows (in thousands):


	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
March 31, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	265,946	$	8,610	$	274,556
Total assets	8,303,779		8,610		8,312,389
Deferred income tax liabilities	41,131		(5,603)		35,528
Total liabilities	4,003,257		(5,603)		3,997,654
Retained earnings	1,515,842		14,213		1,530,055
Total stockholders’ equity	4,300,522		14,213		4,314,735
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,303,779		8,610		8,312,389

June 30, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	292,817	$	19,698	$	312,515
Total assets	8,211,054		19,698		8,230,752
Deferred income tax liabilities	39,367		(12,818)		26,549
Total liabilities	3,930,576		(12,818)		3,917,758
Retained earnings	1,635,379		32,516		1,667,895
Total stockholders’ equity	4,280,478		32,516		4,312,994
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,211,054		19,698		8,230,752

September 30, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	285,722	$	29,112	$	314,834
Total assets	8,107,369		29,112		8,136,481
Deferred income tax liabilities	38,146		(18,944)		19,202
Total liabilities	3,874,185		(18,944)		3,855,241
Retained earnings	1,743,533		48,056		1,791,589
Total stockholders’ equity	4,233,184		48,056		4,281,240
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,107,369		29,112		8,136,481

Changes to the condensed consolidated statements of income as a result of the error were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(34,050)	$	14,213	$	(19,837)
Net income	119,163		14,213		133,376
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.74	$	0.09	$	0.83
Diluted	$	0.73	$	0.09	$	0.82


	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022						For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(51,058)	$	18,303	$	(32,755)	$	(85,108)	$	32,516	$	(52,592)
Net income	119,537		18,303		137,840		238,700		32,516		271,216
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.75	$	0.11	$	0.86	$	1.49	$	0.20	$	1.69
Diluted	$	0.74	$	0.11	$	0.85	$	1.47	$	0.20	$	1.67


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2022						For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(50,006)	$	15,540	$	(34,466)	$	(135,114)	$	48,056	$	(87,058)
Net income	108,154		15,540		123,694		346,854		48,056		394,910
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.68	$	0.10	$	0.78	$	2.17	$	0.30	$	2.47
Diluted	$	0.68	$	0.10	$	0.78	$	2.15	$	0.30	$	2.45

The condensed consolidated statements of shareholders' equity, condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the quarterly and year-to-date periods ended March 31, 2022, June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2022 were also revised to reflect the impact to net income as stated in the tables above. The benefit for deferred income tax line was also adjusted in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, however, the error had no net impact on cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities in these periods.

Akamai Foundation (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Akamai Foundation (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
The Akamai Foundation \| One-Time Charitable Endowment
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contribution amount	$ 20.0

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of prepaid expense and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Prepaid income taxes	$	33,898	$	32,021
Prepaid sales and other taxes	31,285		28,300
Prepaid equipment and software maintenance	16,348		10,661
Deferred commissions	37,316		43,562
Other prepaid expenses	51,194		35,109
Other current assets	14,999		16,660
Total	$	185,040	$	166,313

Schedule of deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts

Deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts, specifically commission and incentive payments, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred costs included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	37,316	$	43,562
Deferred costs included in other assets	29,069		30,436
Total deferred costs	$	66,385	$	73,998

Information related to incremental costs to obtain a contract with a customer for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Amortization expense related to deferred costs	$	52,691	$	58,433	$	61,682
Incremental costs capitalized	47,416		56,509		67,058

Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease not yet commenced	$ 141.7
Future sublease income	223.6
Outstanding letter of credit	$ 5.0
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of operating lease not yet commenced	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of operating lease not yet commenced	8 years

Net Income per Share - Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Securities (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total shares excluded from computation	25,232	33,864	36,913
Service-based RSUs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total shares excluded from computation	2,211	776	591
Market- and performance-based RSUs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total shares excluded from computation	1,030	1,199	1,409
Convertible senior notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total shares excluded from computation	0	9,898	12,922
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total shares excluded from computation	21,991	21,991	21,991

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Acquired Intangible Assets

Acquired intangible assets that are subject to amortization consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Completed technologies	$	327,848	$	(162,323)	$	165,525	$	257,857	$	(128,715)	$	129,142
Customer-related intangible assets	480,817		(244,158)		236,659		398,182		(216,192)		181,990
Non-compete agreements	244		(183)		61		258		(107)		151
Trademarks and trade names	14,642		(7,585)		7,057		8,039		(6,097)		1,942
Acquired license rights	34,810		(2,396)		32,414		490		(490)		—
Total	$	858,361	$	(416,645)	$	441,716	$	664,826	$	(351,601)	$	313,225

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Customer-related intangible assets	$	84,200	16.8
Completed technologies	70,900		5.8
Acquired license rights	34,320		15.0
Trademarks and trade name	6,600		8.8

Total	$	196,020

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	79,000	15.0
Customer-related intangible assets	44,200		14.0
Trademarks	400		1.9

Total	$	123,600

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	17,300	10.1
Customer-related intangible assets	40,400		11.1
Trademarks	100		0.9
Non-compete agreements	270		2.9
Total	$	58,070

Schedule of the Changes in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	2,156,254	$	1,674,371
Acquisition of Linode Limited Liability Company	617,292		—
Acquisition of Guardicore Ltd.	—		479,110
Acquisition of Inverse, Inc.	—		10,741
Measurement period adjustments related to acquisitions completed in prior years	724		(267)
Foreign currency translation	(10,432)		(7,701)
Ending balance	$	2,763,838	$	2,156,254

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=SL108378252-109267

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13854-109267

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122137925&loc=d3e14258-109268

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

+ Details

Acquisitions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

Acquisition-related costs were $10.7 million, $13.3 million and $5.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of income. Pro forma results of operations for the acquisitions completed in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 have not been presented because the effects of the acquisitions, individually and in the aggregate, were not material to the Company's consolidated financial results.

2022 Acquisition

Linode

In March 2022, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Linode Limited Liability Company ("Linode") for $898.5 million in cash. Linode is an infrastructure-as-a-service platform provider that allows for developer-friendly cloud computing capabilities. The acquisition is intended to enhance the Company’s computing services by enabling it to create a unique cloud platform to build, run and secure applications from the cloud to the edge. Revenue attributable to Linode since the date of the acquisition, included in the Company's consolidated statements of income, for 2022 was $103.5 million. Earnings included in the Company's consolidated statements of income since the date of the acquisition are not material.

The preliminary allocation of the purchase price for Linode was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	898,516

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	26,678
Accounts receivable	7,171
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,478
Property and equipment	56,268
Operating lease right-of-use assets	17,000
Identifiable intangible assets	196,020
Goodwill	617,292
Deferred income tax assets	2,528
Other assets	292
Total assets acquired	927,727
Accounts payable	(5,767)
Accrued expenses	(1,958)

Operating lease liabilities	(17,235)


Other liabilities	(4,251)
Total liabilities assumed	(29,211)
Net assets acquired	$	898,516

As of December 31, 2022, the purchase price allocation was substantially complete except for the finalization of certain income tax matters. Measurement period adjustments to goodwill recognized during 2022 related to the acquisition of Linode were $28.9 million and primarily related to property and equipment and intangible asset adjustments. These measurement period adjustments did not have a material effect on the Company's results of operations.

The value of the goodwill can be attributed to a number of business factors, including a trained technical workforce and cost synergies expected to be realized. The Company expects that all of the goodwill related to the acquisition of Linode will be deductible for tax purposes.

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Customer-related intangible assets	$	84,200	16.8
Completed technologies	70,900		5.8
Acquired license rights	34,320		15.0
Trademarks and trade name	6,600		8.8

Total	$	196,020

The Company applied the relief-from-royalty method to estimate the fair values of the completed technologies and trademarks and the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach to estimate the fair values of the customer-related acquired intangible assets. The Company applied significant judgment in estimating the fair values of the acquired intangible assets, which involved significant estimates and assumptions with respect to forecasted revenue growth rates, cost of revenue, operating expenses, contributory asset charges and discount rates. The Company used readily available market data to estimate the fair values of the acquired license rights. The total weighted average amortization period for the intangible assets acquired from Linode is 12.2 years. The intangible assets are being amortized based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are being utilized.

2021 Acquisitions

Guardicore

In October 2021, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Guardicore Ltd. ("Guardicore"), for $610.7 million in cash. Guardicore's micro-segmentation solution is designed to limit user access to only those applications that are authorized to communicate with each other, thereby limiting the spread of malware and protecting the flow of enterprise data across the network. The acquisition is intended to enhance the Company's security portfolio with the addition of Guardicore's micro-segmentation technology. Revenue and earnings attributable to acquired operations since the date of acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated statements of income and not presented separately because they are not material. The Company finalized its allocation of the purchase price in the fourth quarter of 2022.

The allocation of the purchase price for Guardicore was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	610,693

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	27,252
Accounts receivable	10,179
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,307
Property and equipment	1,211
Operating lease right-of-use assets	2,657
Identifiable intangible assets	123,600
Goodwill	479,834
Deferred income tax assets	9,686
Other assets	890
Total assets acquired	656,616
Accounts payable	(1,523)
Accrued liabilities	(7,742)
Deferred revenue	(35,658)
Operating lease liabilities	(1,000)


Total liabilities assumed	(45,923)
Net assets acquired	$	610,693

The value of the goodwill can be attributed to a number of business factors, including a trained technical and sales workforce and cost synergies expected to be realized. The Company expects that most of the goodwill related to the acquisition of Guardicore will be deductible for tax purposes.

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	79,000	15.0
Customer-related intangible assets	44,200		14.0
Trademarks	400		1.9

Total	$	123,600

The Company applied the relief-from-royalty method to estimate the fair values of the completed technologies and trademarks, and the excess earnings method to estimate the fair values of the customer-related acquired intangible assets. The Company applied significant judgment in estimating the fair values of the acquired intangible assets, which involved significant estimates and assumptions with respect to forecasted revenue growth rates and discount rates. The total weighted average

amortization period for the intangible assets acquired from Guardicore is 14.6 years. The intangible assets are being amortized based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are being utilized.

Inverse

In February 2021, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Inverse, Inc. ("Inverse"), for $17.1 million. Inverse provides a data repository and algorithms capable of identifying device types accessing the internet. The acquisition enhances the Company's enterprise security capabilities. The Company allocated $10.7 million of the cost of the acquisition to goodwill and $7.6 million to a technology-related identifiable intangible asset with an average useful life of 14.0 years. The acquired goodwill and intangible assets are partially offset by acquired negative working capital balances. The value of the goodwill is primarily attributable to synergies related to the integration of Inverse technology onto the Company's platform as well as a trained technical workforce. The total amount of goodwill related to the acquisition of Inverse expected to be deductible for tax purposes is $10.7 million. Revenue and earnings attributable to acquired operations since the date of acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated statements of income and not presented separately because they are not material. The Company finalized its allocation of purchase price in the fourth quarter of 2021.

2020 Acquisitions

Asavie

In October 2020, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Asavie Technologies Limited ("Asavie"), a privately-funded company headquartered in Dublin, Ireland, for $155.0 million in cash. Asavie operates a global platform for managing the security, performance and access policies for mobile and internet-connected devices and has become part of Akamai’s security solutions. Revenue and earnings attributable to acquired operations since the date of acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated statements of income and not presented separately because they are not material. The Company finalized its allocation of the purchase price in the fourth quarter of 2021.

The allocation of the purchase price for Asavie was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	154,952

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	26,847
Accounts receivable	14,002
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	995
Property and equipment	2,274
Operating lease right-of-use assets	6,104
Identifiable intangible assets	58,070
Goodwill	70,228
Other assets	395
Total assets acquired	178,915
Accounts payable	(951)
Accrued liabilities	(5,926)
Deferred revenue	(3,136)
Operating lease liabilities	(6,104)
Deferred income tax liabilities	(6,965)
Other liabilities	(881)
Total liabilities assumed	(23,963)
Net assets acquired	$	154,952

The value of the goodwill can be attributed to a number of business factors, including a trained technical and sales workforce and cost synergies expected to be realized. None of the goodwill related to the acquisition of Asavie is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	17,300	10.1
Customer-related intangible assets	40,400		11.1
Trademarks	100		0.9
Non-compete agreements	270		2.9
Total	$	58,070

The total weighted average amortization period for the intangible assets acquired from Asavie is 10.8 years. The intangible assets are being amortized based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are being utilized.

Instart Logic

In February 2020, the Company acquired certain assets from Instart Logic, Inc., a provider of cloud solutions for improving web and mobile application performance, for $36.4 million in cash. The purchase price was primarily allocated to a customer-related intangible asset is being amortized over 17.0 years. The intangible assets are being amortized based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are being utilized.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retained Earnings	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019			162,000,843
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 3,657,958		$ 1,620	$ 3,653,486		$ 0	$ (45,144)	$ 47,996
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)			1,949,963
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(89,102)		$ 20	(89,122)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			723,600
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	58,402		$ 7	58,395
Stock-based compensation	235,629			235,629
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)			(1,964,686)
Repurchases of common stock	(193,588)					(193,588)
Treasury stock retirement	0		$ (20)	(193,568)		193,588
Net income	557,054							557,054
Foreign currency translation adjustment	19,629						19,629
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax	5,314						5,314
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			162,709,720
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	4,251,296		$ 1,627	3,664,820		0	(20,201)	605,050
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)			1,902,742
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(99,756)		$ 18	(99,774)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			648,686
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	59,714		$ 7	59,707
Stock-based compensation	238,277			238,277
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)			(4,749,037)
Repurchases of common stock	(522,255)					(522,255)
Treasury stock retirement	0		$ (47)	(522,208)		522,255
Net income	651,642							651,642
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(38,514)						(38,514)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax	(10,390)						(10,390)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			160,512,111
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	4,530,014	$ (235,427)	$ 1,605	3,340,822	$ (375,414)	0	(69,105)	1,256,692	$ 139,987
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	133,376
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2022	4,314,735
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			160,512,111
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	4,530,014	(235,427)	$ 1,605	3,340,822	(375,414)	0	(69,105)	1,256,692	139,987
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	271,216
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2022	4,312,994
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			160,512,111
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	4,530,014	(235,427)	$ 1,605	3,340,822	(375,414)	0	(69,105)	1,256,692	139,987
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	394,910
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2022	4,281,240
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			160,512,111
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	4,530,014	$ (235,427)	$ 1,605	3,340,822	$ (375,414)	0	(69,105)	1,256,692	$ 139,987
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)			1,697,410
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted and deferred stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(82,277)		$ 17	(82,294)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			687,945
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	56,570		$ 7	56,563
Stock-based compensation	246,872			246,872
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)			(6,402,650)
Repurchases of common stock	(608,010)					(608,010)
Treasury stock retirement	0		$ (64)	(607,946)		608,010
Net income	523,672							523,672
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(44,665)						(44,665)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax	(26,562)						(26,562)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			156,494,816
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	4,360,187		$ 1,565	2,578,603		0	(140,332)	1,920,351
Beginning Balance at Mar. 31, 2022	4,314,735
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	137,840
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2022	4,312,994
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	123,694
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2022	4,281,240
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	128,762
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			156,494,816
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 4,360,187		$ 1,565	$ 2,578,603		$ 0	$ (140,332)	$ 1,920,351

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Deferred Stock Units Activity (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Deferred Stock Units
Units
Outstanding (in shares)	98
Granted (in shares)	27
Vested and distributed (in shares)	(45)
Outstanding (in shares)	80	98
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 72.96
Granted (in dollars per share)	97.40	$ 114.56	$ 100.58
Vested and distributed (in dollars per share)	73.33
Outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 81.11	$ 72.96
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Units
Outstanding (in shares)	4,389
Granted (in shares)	3,563
Vested and distributed (in shares)	(2,096)
Forfeited (in shares)	(578)
Outstanding (in shares)	5,278	4,389
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 95.75
Granted (in dollars per share)	107.17	$ 99.09	$ 92.42
Vested and distributed (in dollars per share)	110.57
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	102.92
Outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 121.92	$ 95.75

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Acquired intangible assets that are subject to amortization consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Completed technologies	$	327,848	$	(162,323)	$	165,525	$	257,857	$	(128,715)	$	129,142
Customer-related intangible assets	480,817		(244,158)		236,659		398,182		(216,192)		181,990
Non-compete agreements	244		(183)		61		258		(107)		151
Trademarks and trade names	14,642		(7,585)		7,057		8,039		(6,097)		1,942
Acquired license rights	34,810		(2,396)		32,414		490		(490)		—
Total	$	858,361	$	(416,645)	$	441,716	$	664,826	$	(351,601)	$	313,225

Aggregate expense related to amortization of acquired intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $65.0 million, $48.0 million and $42.0 million, respectively. Based on the Company's acquired intangible assets as of December 31, 2022, aggregate expense related to amortization of acquired intangible assets is expected to be $63.5 million, $59.2 million, $61.2 million, $56.3 million and $43.7 million for the years ending December 31, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	2,156,254	$	1,674,371
Acquisition of Linode Limited Liability Company	617,292		—
Acquisition of Guardicore Ltd.	—		479,110
Acquisition of Inverse, Inc.	—		10,741
Measurement period adjustments related to acquisitions completed in prior years	724		(267)
Foreign currency translation	(10,432)		(7,701)
Ending balance	$	2,763,838	$	2,156,254

Employee Benefit Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Employee Benefit Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Compensation Related Costs [Abstract]
Contributions by employer	$ 18.8	$ 17.7	$ 17.5

- Definition

Amount of contribution received by defined benefit plan from employer which increases plan assets.

+ References + Details

Income Taxes - Schedule of Difference Between Effective and Statutory (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
State taxes	0.70%	0.70%	1.00%
Stock-based compensation	2.00%	0.10%	(0.60%)
U.S. federal, state and foreign research and development credits	(5.10%)	(3.70%)	(4.40%)
Foreign earnings	(6.60%)	(7.30%)	(7.70%)
Nondeductible (nontaxable) foreign items	0.70%	0.00%	(0.40%)
Global intangible low-taxed income	2.50%	0.50%	0.60%
Release of uncertain tax position reserve	(0.70%)	(1.00%)	(0.90%)
Intercompany sale of intellectual property	4.00%	0.00%	0.20%
Valuation allowance	0.60%	0.60%	1.10%
Other	0.20%	(2.30%)	(2.40%)
Effective income tax rate	19.30%	8.60%	7.50%

Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - Corporate bonds $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Available-for-sale marketable securities, continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months	$ 835.4
Unrealized loss from available-for-sale marketable securities	$ 31.3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These principles require management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the amounts disclosed in the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Significant estimates, judgments and assumptions used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, those related to revenue, accounts receivable and related reserves, valuation and impairment of investments and marketable securities, valuation and useful lives of acquired intangible assets, useful lives and realizability of long-lived assets, capitalized internal-use software development costs, income tax reserves and accounting for stock-based compensation. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. The effects of material revisions in estimates are reflected in the consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of the change in estimate.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in bank deposit accounts and short-term, highly-liquid investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. Marketable securities consist of corporate, government and other securities. Securities having remaining maturities of less than one year from the date of the balance sheet are classified as short-term, and those with maturities of more than one year from the date of the balance sheet are classified as long-term in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies its fixed income securities with readily determinable market values as available-for-sale. These investments are classified as marketable securities on the consolidated balance sheets and are carried at fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses considered to be temporary in nature and reported as accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The Company reviews all investments for reductions in fair value that are other-than-temporary. When such reductions occur, the cost of the investment is adjusted to fair value through recording a loss on investments in the consolidated statements of income. Gains and losses on investments are calculated on the basis of specific identification. Marketable securities are considered to be impaired when a decline in fair value below cost basis is determined to be other-than-temporary. The Company periodically evaluates whether a decline in fair value below cost basis is other-than-temporary by considering available evidence regarding these investments including, among other factors: the duration of the period that, and extent to which, the fair value is less than cost basis; the financial health and business outlook of the issuer, including industry and sector performance and operational and financing cash flow factors; overall market conditions and trends; and the Company’s intent and ability to retain its investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in market value. Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, a write-down is recorded and a new cost basis in the security is established. Assessing the above factors involves inherent uncertainty. Write-downs, if recorded, could be materially different from the actual market performance of marketable securities in the Company’s portfolio if, among other things, relevant information related to the marketable securities was not publicly available or other factors not considered by the Company would have been relevant to the determination of impairment.
Accounts Receivable and Related Reserves	Accounts Receivable and Related Reserves The Company’s accounts receivable balance includes unbilled amounts that represent revenue recorded for customers that are typically billed monthly in arrears. The Company records reserves against its accounts receivable balance which primarily consists of allowances for current expected credit losses. Increases and decreases in the allowance for current expected credit losses are included as a component of general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of income. The allowance for current expected credit losses has been developed using historical loss rates for the previous twelve months as well as expectations about the future where the Company has been able to develop forecasts to support its estimates. In addition, the allowance considers outstanding balances on a customer-specific, account-by-account basis. The Company assesses collectibility based upon a review of customer receivables from prior sales with collection issues where the Company no longer believes that the customer has the ability to pay for services previously provided. The Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers. If such an evaluation indicates that payment is no longer reasonably assured for services provided, any future services provided to that customer will result in the creation of a cash-basis reserve until the Company receives consistent payments. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
Revenue Recognition, Incremental Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer, Contract Liabilities and Cost of Revenue	Incremental Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer The Company capitalizes incremental costs associated with obtaining customer contracts, specifically certain commission and incentive payments. The Company pays commissions and incentives up-front based on contract value upon signing a new arrangement with a customer and upon renewal and upgrades of existing contracts with customers if the renewal and upgrades result in an incremental increase in contract value. To the extent commissions and incentives are earned, the expenses, including estimated payroll taxes, are deferred on the Company's consolidated balance sheet and amortized over the expected life of the customer arrangement on a straight-line basis. Based on the nature of the Company's unique technology and services, and the rate at which the Company continually enhances and updates its technology, the expected life of the customer arrangement is determined to be approximately three years. Additionally, the Company may pay commissions and incentives based upon contract value, rather than incremental increase in contract value, to certain sales groups within the Company. For these commission arrangements, the Company amortizes capitalized costs for contract renewals over an average renewal contract period of 16 months. The Company also incurs commission expense on an ongoing basis based upon revenue recognized. In these cases, no incremental costs are deferred, as the commissions are earned and expensed in the same period for which the associated revenue is recognized. Amortization of the costs is primarily included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of income. The current portion of deferred commission and incentive payments is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and the long-term portion is included in other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Contract Liabilities Contract liabilities primarily represent payments received from customers for which the related performance obligations have not yet been satisfied. These balances consist of the unearned portion of monthly service fees and integration fees and prepayments made by customers for future periods. The current and long-term portions of the Company's contract liabilities are included in deferred revenue in the respective sections of the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Revenue Recognition The Company primarily derives revenue from the sale of services to customers executing contracts having terms of one year or longer. Services included in the Company's contracts consist of its core services – the delivery of content, applications and software over the internet – as well as security and cloud computing solutions and professional services. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. The Company enters into contracts that may include various combinations of these services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. These contracts generally commit the customer to a minimum of monthly, quarterly or annual levels of usage and specify the rate at which the customer must pay for actual usage above the stated minimum. Based on the typical structure of the Company's contracts, which are generally for monthly recurring services that are essentially the same over time and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer, most performance obligations represent a promise to deliver a series of distinct services over time. The Company's contracts with customers sometimes include promises to deliver multiple services to a customer. Determining whether services are distinct performance obligations often requires the exercise of judgment by management. For example, advanced features that enhance a service and are highly interrelated are generally not considered distinct; rather, they are combined with the service they relate to into one performance obligation. Different determinations related to combining services into performance obligations could result in differences in the timing and amount of revenue recognized in a period. Generally, the transaction price in a contract is equal to the committed price stated in the contract, less any discounts or rebates. The Company's typical contracts qualify for series accounting, and the pricing terms generally do not require estimation of the transaction price beyond the reporting period. As a result, any incremental fees generated as a result of usage or “bursting” over committed contract levels are recorded in the period to which the services relate. The amount of consideration recognized for usage above contract minimums is limited to the amount the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for providing the services. Once the transaction price has been determined, the Company allocates such price among all performance obligations in the contract on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis. Determination of SSP requires the exercise of judgment by management. SSP is based on observable inputs such as the price the Company charges for the service when sold separately or the discounted list price per management’s approved price list. In cases where services are not sold separately or price list rates are not available, a cost-plus-margin approach or adjusted market approach is used to determine SSP. Most content delivery and security services represent stand-ready obligations that are satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company. Accordingly, revenue for those services is recognized over time, generally ratably over the term of the arrangement due to consistent monthly usage commitments that expire each period. Any bursting over given commitments is recognized in the period in which the traffic was served. For services that involve traffic consumption, revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the level of traffic served to a customer in a given period. For custom arrangements, other methods may be used as a measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligations. Some of the Company's contracts are satisfied at a point in time, such as one-time professional services, integration services and most license sales where the primary obligation is delivery of the license at the start of the term. In these cases, revenue is recognized at the point in time of delivery or satisfaction of the performance obligation. From time to time, the Company enters into contracts to sell its services or license its technology to unrelated enterprises at or about the same time that it enters into contracts to purchase products or services from the same enterprises. Consideration payable to a customer is reviewed as part of the transaction price. If the payment to the customer does not represent payment for a distinct service, revenue is recognized only up to the net amount of consideration after customer payment obligations are considered. The Company may also resell the licenses or services of third parties. If the Company is acting as an agent in an arrangement with a customer to provide third party services, the transaction price reflects only the net amount to which the Company will be entitled, after accounting for payments made to the third party responsible for satisfying the performance obligation. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue consists primarily of fees paid to network providers for bandwidth and to third-party network data centers for housing servers, also known as co-location costs. Cost of revenue also includes employee costs for services delivery and network operation, build-out and support of the Company's network; network storage costs; cost of software licenses; depreciation of network equipment used to deliver the Company’s services; amortization of network-related internal-use software; and costs for the production of live events streamed by the Company for customers. The Company enters into contracts for bandwidth with third-party network providers with terms typically ranging from several months to five years. These contracts generally commit the Company to pay minimum monthly fees plus additional fees for bandwidth usage above the committed level. In some circumstances, internet service providers (“ISPs”) make rack space available for the Company to locate its servers and provide access to their bandwidth at a discount or no cost. Although the Company does not provide any goods or services to the ISPs or the ISPs’ customers under these arrangements, the ISPs and their customers indirectly benefit by accessing content through a local Company server, resulting in better content delivery. The Company records the cost of these vendor relationships at their negotiated transaction price, which is either at a discount or no cost.
Concentrations of Credit Risk	Concentrations of Credit Risk The amounts reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair values due to their short-term maturities. The Company maintains the majority of its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities with major financial institutions that the Company believes to be of high credit standing. The Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022, its concentration of credit risk related to cash equivalents and marketable securities was not significant. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are primarily limited to certain customers to which the Company makes substantial sales. The Company’s customer base consists of a large number of geographically-dispersed customers diversified across several industries. To reduce risk, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers. Based on such assessments, the Company believes that its accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was one customer with an accounts receivable balance greater than 10% of total accounts receivable. The Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, its concentration of credit risk related to accounts receivable was not significant.
Fair Value of Financial Measurements	Fair Value of Financial Measurements Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company has certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, principally cash equivalents and short- and long-term marketable securities that have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the reporting date. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are based on unobservable data points for the asset or liability.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment generally include purchases of items with a per-unit value greater than $1,000 and an estimated useful life greater than one year. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the related lease terms or their estimated useful lives. The Company periodically reviews the estimated useful lives of property and equipment. Changes to the estimated useful lives are recorded prospectively from the date of the change. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is included in income from operations. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Operating Leases	Operating Leases The Company enters into operating leases for real estate assets related to office space and co-location assets related to space or racks at co-location facilities and related equipment for its servers and other networking equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at the inception of a contract by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration and the right to obtain the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset. Upon commencement of a lease, the Company records a right-of-use asset that represents the Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and a lease liability that represents an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments are discounted at the lease commencement date. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, an incremental borrowing rate has been applied based on the Company's credit-adjusted risk-free rate. The Company often enters into contracts that contain both lease and non-lease components. Real estate non-lease components include real estate taxes, insurance, maintenance, parking and other operating costs. Co-location non-lease components include utilities and other operating costs. The Company includes both lease and non-lease components of fixed costs in its lease arrangements as a single lease component. Variable costs, such as utilities based on actual usage, are not included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities but are expensed when the event determining the amount of variable consideration to be paid occurs. The Company’s lease terms often include renewal options and, particularly in the case of co-location arrangements, may include evergreen provisions. The Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities generally do not include the options to extend, or terminate, unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise these options. The Company has elected to exclude leases for certain networking equipment and leases assumed through acquisitions with terms of 12 months or less from its right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.
Equity Method Investments	Equity Method Investments The Company accounts for equity investments in which it has significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, investments are initially recorded at cost, less impairment, and subsequently adjusted to recognize the Company’s share of earnings or losses.
Goodwill, Acquired Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets	Goodwill, Acquired Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets Goodwill is the amount by which the cost of acquired net assets in a business combination exceeds the fair value of the net identifiable assets on the date of purchase and is carried at its historical cost. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill as of December 31 each year. As of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company concluded that it has one reporting unit and that its chief operating decision maker is its chief executive officer and the executive management team. The Company has assigned the entire balance of goodwill to one reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit was based on the Company's market capitalization as of each of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and it was substantially in excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit at each date. The fair value of the Company's reporting unit was determined by the Company's enterprise value as of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Acquired intangible assets consist of completed technologies, customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, non-compete agreements and acquired license rights. Acquired intangible assets, other than goodwill, are amortized over their estimated useful lives based upon the estimated economic value derived from the related intangible asset. Significant judgment is used in determining fair values of acquired intangibles assets and their estimated useful lives. Fair value and useful life determinations may be based on, among other factors, estimates of future expected cash flows, royalty cost savings and appropriate discount rates used in calculating present values. Long-lived assets, including property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and acquired intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as service discontinuance, technological obsolescence, significant decreases in the Company’s market capitalization, facility closures or work-force reductions indicate that the carrying amount of the long-lived asset may not be recoverable. When such events occur, the Company compares the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted expected future cash flows related to the asset. If this comparison indicates that an impairment is present, the amount of the impairment is calculated as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset.
Research and Development Costs and Capitalized Internal-Use Software	Research and Development Costs and Capitalized Internal-Use Software Research and development costs consist primarily of payroll and related personnel costs for the design, development, deployment, testing and enhancement of the Company’s services and network. Costs incurred in the development of the Company’s services are expensed as incurred, except certain internal-use software development costs eligible for capitalization. Capitalized costs include external consulting fees, payroll and payroll-related costs and stock-based compensation for employees in the Company’s development and information technology groups who are directly associated with, and who devote time to, the Company’s internal-use software projects. Capitalization begins when the planning stage is complete and the Company commits resources to the software project; capitalization continues during the application development stage. Capitalization ceases when the software has been tested and is ready for its intended use. Costs incurred during the planning, training and post-implementation stages of the software development life-cycle are expensed as incurred. The Company amortizes completed internal-use software that is used on its network to cost of revenue over its estimated useful life.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation	Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation costs for all stock-based payment awards made to employees based upon the awards’ grant-date fair value. The stock-based payment awards include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units and employee stock purchases related to the Company’s employee stock purchase plan. For stock options, the Company has selected the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of stock option awards. For stock awards with market-based vesting conditions, the Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fair value of the award. For stock options, restricted stock units and deferred stock units that contain only a service-based vesting feature, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the award's vesting period. For awards with a performance condition-based vesting feature, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a graded-vesting basis over the award's expected vesting period, commencing when achievement of the performance condition is deemed probable. In addition, for awards that vest and become exercisable only upon achievement of specified performance conditions, the Company makes judgments and estimates each quarter about the probability that such performance conditions will be met or achieved. Any changes to those estimates that the Company makes from time to time may have a significant impact on the stock-based compensation expense recorded and could materially impact the Company’s results of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation and Forward Currency Contracts	Foreign Currency Translation and Forward Currency Contracts The assets and liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries are translated at the applicable exchange rate as of the balance sheet date, and revenue and expenses are translated at an average rate over the period. Resulting currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses on inter-company and other non-functional currency transactions are recorded in other income (expense), net. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward contracts to offset foreign exchange gains and losses generated by the re-measurement of certain assets and liabilities recorded in non-functional currencies. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives, as well as re-measurement gains and losses, are recognized in current earnings in other income (expense), net. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of the forward currency contracts and the underlying gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial. The Company's foreign currency forward contracts may be exposed to credit risk to the extent that its counterparties are unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The Company seeks to minimize counterparty credit (or repayment) risk by entering into transactions only with major financial institutions of investment grade credit rating.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company's provision for income taxes is comprised of a current and a deferred portion. The current income tax provision is calculated as the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current year. The deferred income tax provision is calculated as the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and carryforwards using expected tax rates in effect in the years during which the differences are expected to reverse or the carryforwards are expected to be realized. The Company currently has net deferred tax assets consisting of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards and deductible temporary differences. Management periodically weighs the positive and negative evidence to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The Company has recorded certain tax reserves to address potential exposures involving its income tax positions. These potential tax liabilities result from the varying application of statutes, rules, regulations and interpretations by different taxing jurisdictions. The Company's estimate of the value of its tax reserves contains assumptions based on past experiences and judgments about the interpretation of statutes, rules and regulations by taxing jurisdictions. It is possible that the costs of the ultimate tax liability or benefit from these matters may be more or less than the amount the Company estimated. Uncertainty in income taxes is recognized in the Company's consolidated financial statements using a two-step process. First, the tax position must be evaluated to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination. If the tax position is deemed more-likely-than-not to be sustained based on technical merit, the tax position is then assessed to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The amount of the benefit that may be recognized is the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Newly-Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Newly-Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued guidance that was expected to reduce complexity and improve comparability of financial reporting associated with accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2022 on a modified retrospective basis. The convertible senior notes included on the Company's consolidated balance sheet more closely reflect the principal amounts. Prior to the adoption of this guidance, the Company separated its convertible senior notes into a liability and an equity component. The equity portion is now eliminated. The cumulative effect of the changes was an increase to convertible senior notes of $304.7 million, an increase to deferred income tax liabilities of $0.7 million, an increase to deferred income tax assets of $77.7 million, a decrease to property and equipment of $7.7 million and a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $375.4 million on the consolidated balance sheet. The net effect of these adjustments was recorded as an increase to retained earnings as of January 1, 2022. Additionally, the new guidance eliminates the use of the treasury stock method for convertible instruments that can be settled in whole or in part with equity, when calculating diluted earnings per share. Instead, it requires application of the if-converted method. Under that method, diluted earnings per share would generally be calculated assuming that all the convertible senior notes were converted solely into shares of common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, unless the result would be antidilutive. The application of the if-converted method reduces the Company’s reported diluted earnings per share after the adoption date. However, in December 2021, the Company made an irrevocable election to settle the principal portion of the convertible senior notes with cash. Accordingly, the if-converted method is only impacted by any potential shares to be delivered for the amount in excess of the principal portion. The changes to the diluted earnings per share guidance did not materially impact the Company's results of operations. With the elimination of the debt discount created by the equity component, amortization of the debt discount is eliminated, which decreases interest expense, and therefore increases net income and earnings per share, from the period of adoption. This had the effect of increasing basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended 2022 by $0.32.

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Valuation allowance	$ 41,250	$ 37,143	$ 32,602	$ 26,046
Increase in valuation allowance	4,100
Foreign earnings repatriated	1,900,000
Unrecognized tax benefits including accrued interest and penalties	38,300	23,100	29,500
Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest accrued	8,600	7,200	7,700
Income tax interest and penalties expense	2,000	$ 500	$ 1,200
Unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective income tax rate	38,300
Unrecognized tax benefits that may be recognized	$ 3,600

Debt - Revolving Credit Facilities (Details)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Debt - Revolving Credit Facilities (Details)	Nov. 30, 2022 USD ($) extension	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	May 31, 2018 USD ($)
2018 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 500,000,000
Debt term	5 years
2018 Credit Agreement \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee		0.075%
2018 Credit Agreement \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee		0.15%
2018 Credit Agreement \| Base Rate \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.00%
2018 Credit Agreement \| Base Rate \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.25%
2018 Credit Agreement \| LIBOR \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.875%
2018 Credit Agreement \| LIBOR \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		1.25%
2022 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 500,000,000
Debt term	5 years
Maximum borrowing capacity under specific conditions	$ 1,000,000,000
Line of credit facility, number of extensions \| extension	2
Line of credit facility, extension term	1 year
Outstanding borrowings		$ 0
2022 Credit Agreement \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee		0.07%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee		0.125%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Base Rate \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.00%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Base Rate \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.125%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Benchmark Rate \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.75%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Benchmark Rate \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		1.125%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Reference Rate \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.75%
2022 Credit Agreement \| Reference Rate \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		1.125%

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of year	$ 22,563	$ 24,105	$ 27,359
Gross increases – tax positions of prior periods	3,880	4,293	2,539
Gross increases – current period tax positions	45,975	3,607	1,946
Gross decreases – tax positions of prior periods	(688)	(816)	(3,540)
Gross decreases – lapse of applicable statute of limitations	(3,772)	(8,626)	(4,199)
Balance at end of year	$ 67,958	$ 22,563	$ 24,105

Leases - Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details)	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	10 years 3 months 18 days	11 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted average discount rate	3.60%	3.60%
Co-location Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	3 years 10 months 24 days	3 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted average discount rate	2.80%	1.30%

Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease cost	$ 234,976	$ 220,773	$ 197,128
Short-term lease cost	21,793	17,718	15,849
Variable lease cost	60,192	53,444	55,494
Sublease income	(25,743)	(21,033)	(22,064)
Total operating lease costs	291,218	270,902	246,407
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease cost	82,761	84,100	83,574
Short-term lease cost	52	58	229
Variable lease cost	25,167	22,016	21,235
Sublease income	(25,743)	(21,033)	(22,064)
Total operating lease costs	82,237	85,141	82,974
Co-location Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease cost	152,215	136,673	113,554
Short-term lease cost	21,741	17,660	15,620
Variable lease cost	35,025	31,428	34,259
Sublease income	0	0	0
Total operating lease costs	$ 208,981	$ 185,761	$ 163,433

Accounts Receivable (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]

Schedule of Accounts Receivable

Net accounts receivable consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Trade accounts receivable	$	490,162	$	501,959
Unbilled accounts receivable	194,961		175,364
Gross accounts receivable	685,123		677,323
Allowance for current expected credit losses and other reserves	(5,917)		(1,397)
Accounts receivable, net	$	679,206	$	675,926

Schedule of Activity in the Accounts Receivable Reserves

A summary of activity in the accounts receivable allowance for current expected credit losses and other reserves for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Beginning balance	$	1,397	$	1,822	$	1,880
Charges to income from operations	9,292		4,576		12,347
Collections from customers previously reserved and other	(4,772)		(5,001)		(12,405)
Ending balance	$	5,917	$	1,397	$	1,822

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Schedule of Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill
Beginning balance	$ 2,156,254	$ 1,674,371
Measurement period adjustments related to acquisitions completed in prior years	724	(267)
Foreign currency translation	(10,432)	(7,701)
Ending balance	2,763,838	2,156,254
Linode
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill
Acquisition	617,292	0
Measurement period adjustments related to acquisitions completed in prior years	28,900
Guardicore Ltd.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill
Acquisition	0	479,110
Inverse, Inc.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill
Acquisition	$ 0	$ 10,741

- Definition

Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.

+ References + Details

Acquisitions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended					12 Months Ended
Acquisitions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Feb. 28, 2021	Oct. 31, 2020	Feb. 29, 2020	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition related costs						$ 10,700,000	$ 13,300,000	$ 5,600,000
Measurement period adjustments to goodwill						724,000	(267,000)
Goodwill						2,763,838,000	2,156,254,000	1,674,371,000
Payments to acquire assets						0	$ 0	$ 36,376,000
Instart Logic
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire assets					$ 36,400,000
Instart Logic \| Customer-related intangible assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful life					17 years
Linode
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid to acquire business	$ 898,500,000
Revenue of acquiree since acquisition						103,500,000
Measurement period adjustments to goodwill						$ 28,900,000
Weighted average useful life						12 years 2 months 12 days
Goodwill	617,292,000
Identifiable intangible assets	$ 196,020,000
Guardicore Ltd.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid to acquire business		$ 610,700,000
Weighted average useful life		14 years 7 months 6 days
Goodwill		$ 479,834,000
Identifiable intangible assets		$ 123,600,000
Inverse, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid to acquire business			$ 17,100,000
Weighted average useful life			14 years
Goodwill			$ 10,700,000
Identifiable intangible assets			7,600,000
Goodwill expected tax deductible amount			$ 10,700,000
Asavie
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid to acquire business				$ 155,000,000
Weighted average useful life				10 years 9 months 18 days
Goodwill				$ 70,228,000
Identifiable intangible assets				58,070,000
Goodwill expected tax deductible amount				$ 0

Net Income per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive effect of potential common stock. Potential common stock consists of shares issuable pursuant to stock options, RSUs, DSUs, convertible senior notes and warrants issued by the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the dilutive effect of outstanding awards is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method and the dilutive effect of the convertible securities is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the if-converted method. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the dilutive effect of outstanding awards and convertible securities is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method.

The components used in the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	2022		2021		2020
Numerator:
Net income	$	523,672	$	651,642	$	557,054
Denominator:
Shares used for basic net income per share	159,089		162,665		162,490
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options	21		21		31
RSUs and DSUs	637		1,518		1,819
Convertible senior notes	720		1,600		873
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes	—		—		—
Shares used for diluted net income per share	160,467		165,804		165,213
Basic net income per share	$	3.29	$	4.01	$	3.43
Diluted net income per share	$	3.26	$	3.93	$	3.37

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, certain potential outstanding shares from service-based RSUs, convertible notes and warrants were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect of including these items was anti-dilutive. Additionally, certain performance-based RSUs were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because the underlying performance conditions for such RSUs had not been met as of these dates. The number of potentially outstanding shares excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022	2021	2020

Service-based RSUs	2,211	776	591
Market- and performance-based RSUs	1,030	1,199	1,409
Convertible senior notes	—	9,898	12,922
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes	21,991	21,991	21,991
Total shares excluded from computation	25,232	33,864	36,913

Restructuring - Schedule of Restructuring Accrual (Details) - Employee Severance and Related Benefits - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 1,188	$ 22,051	$ 5,707
Costs incurred	747	6,600	26,332
Cash disbursements	(1,209)	(27,095)	(10,118)
Translation adjustments and other	(185)	(368)	130
Ending balance	$ 541	$ 1,188	$ 22,051

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Incremental Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer (Details)	Dec. 31, 2022
Customer Arrangement
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Expected life of customer arrangement	3 years
Customer Contract
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Expected life of customer arrangement	16 months

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These principles require management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the amounts disclosed in the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Significant estimates, judgments and assumptions used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, those related to revenue, accounts receivable and related reserves, valuation and impairment of investments and marketable securities, valuation and useful lives of acquired intangible assets, useful lives and realizability of long-lived assets, capitalized internal-use software development costs, income tax reserves and accounting for stock-based compensation. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. The effects of material revisions in estimates are reflected in the consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of the change in estimate. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in bank deposit accounts and short-term, highly-liquid investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. Marketable securities consist of corporate, government and other securities. Securities having remaining maturities of less than one year from the date of the balance sheet are classified as short-term, and those with maturities of more than one year from the date of the balance sheet are classified as long-term in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies its fixed income securities with readily determinable market values as available-for-sale. These investments are classified as marketable securities on the consolidated balance sheets and are carried at fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses considered to be temporary in nature and reported as accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The Company reviews all investments for reductions in fair value that are other-than-temporary. When such reductions occur, the cost of the investment is adjusted to fair value through recording a loss on investments in the consolidated statements of income. Gains and losses on investments are calculated on the basis of specific identification. Marketable securities are considered to be impaired when a decline in fair value below cost basis is determined to be other-than-temporary. The Company periodically evaluates whether a decline in fair value below cost basis is other-than-temporary by considering available evidence regarding these investments including, among other factors: the duration of the period that, and extent to which, the fair value is less than cost basis; the financial health and business outlook of the issuer, including industry and sector performance and operational and financing cash flow factors; overall market conditions and trends; and the Company’s intent and ability to retain its investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in market value. Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, a write-down is recorded and a new cost basis in the security is established. Assessing the above factors involves inherent uncertainty. Write-downs, if recorded, could be materially different from the actual market performance of marketable securities in the Company’s portfolio if, among other things, relevant information related to the marketable securities was not publicly available or other factors not considered by the Company would have been relevant to the determination of impairment. Accounts Receivable and Related Reserves The Company’s accounts receivable balance includes unbilled amounts that represent revenue recorded for customers that are typically billed monthly in arrears. The Company records reserves against its accounts receivable balance which primarily consists of allowances for current expected credit losses. Increases and decreases in the allowance for current expected credit losses are included as a component of general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of income. The allowance for current expected credit losses has been developed using historical loss rates for the previous twelve months as well as expectations about the future where the Company has been able to develop forecasts to support its estimates. In addition, the allowance considers outstanding balances on a customer-specific, account-by-account basis. The Company assesses collectibility based upon a review of customer receivables from prior sales with collection issues where the Company no longer believes that the customer has the ability to pay for services previously provided. The Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers. If such an evaluation indicates that payment is no longer reasonably assured for services provided, any future services provided to that customer will result in the creation of a cash-basis reserve until the Company receives consistent payments. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. Incremental Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer The Company capitalizes incremental costs associated with obtaining customer contracts, specifically certain commission and incentive payments. The Company pays commissions and incentives up-front based on contract value upon signing a new arrangement with a customer and upon renewal and upgrades of existing contracts with customers if the renewal and upgrades result in an incremental increase in contract value. To the extent commissions and incentives are earned, the expenses, including estimated payroll taxes, are deferred on the Company's consolidated balance sheet and amortized over the expected life of the customer arrangement on a straight-line basis. Based on the nature of the Company's unique technology and services, and the rate at which the Company continually enhances and updates its technology, the expected life of the customer arrangement is determined to be approximately three years. Additionally, the Company may pay commissions and incentives based upon contract value, rather than incremental increase in contract value, to certain sales groups within the Company. For these commission arrangements, the Company amortizes capitalized costs for contract renewals over an average renewal contract period of 16 months. The Company also incurs commission expense on an ongoing basis based upon revenue recognized. In these cases, no incremental costs are deferred, as the commissions are earned and expensed in the same period for which the associated revenue is recognized. Amortization of the costs is primarily included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of income. The current portion of deferred commission and incentive payments is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and the long-term portion is included in other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Concentrations of Credit Risk The amounts reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair values due to their short-term maturities. The Company maintains the majority of its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities with major financial institutions that the Company believes to be of high credit standing. The Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022, its concentration of credit risk related to cash equivalents and marketable securities was not significant. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are primarily limited to certain customers to which the Company makes substantial sales. The Company’s customer base consists of a large number of geographically-dispersed customers diversified across several industries. To reduce risk, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers. Based on such assessments, the Company believes that its accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was one customer with an accounts receivable balance greater than 10% of total accounts receivable. The Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, its concentration of credit risk related to accounts receivable was not significant. Fair Value of Financial Measurements Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company has certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, principally cash equivalents and short- and long-term marketable securities that have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the reporting date. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are based on unobservable data points for the asset or liability. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment generally include purchases of items with a per-unit value greater than $1,000 and an estimated useful life greater than one year. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the related lease terms or their estimated useful lives. The Company periodically reviews the estimated useful lives of property and equipment. Changes to the estimated useful lives are recorded prospectively from the date of the change. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is included in income from operations. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Operating Leases The Company enters into operating leases for real estate assets related to office space and co-location assets related to space or racks at co-location facilities and related equipment for its servers and other networking equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at the inception of a contract by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration and the right to obtain the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset. Upon commencement of a lease, the Company records a right-of-use asset that represents the Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and a lease liability that represents an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments are discounted at the lease commencement date. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, an incremental borrowing rate has been applied based on the Company's credit-adjusted risk-free rate. The Company often enters into contracts that contain both lease and non-lease components. Real estate non-lease components include real estate taxes, insurance, maintenance, parking and other operating costs. Co-location non-lease components include utilities and other operating costs. The Company includes both lease and non-lease components of fixed costs in its lease arrangements as a single lease component. Variable costs, such as utilities based on actual usage, are not included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities but are expensed when the event determining the amount of variable consideration to be paid occurs. The Company’s lease terms often include renewal options and, particularly in the case of co-location arrangements, may include evergreen provisions. The Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities generally do not include the options to extend, or terminate, unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise these options. The Company has elected to exclude leases for certain networking equipment and leases assumed through acquisitions with terms of 12 months or less from its right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. Equity Method Investments The Company accounts for equity investments in which it has significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, investments are initially recorded at cost, less impairment, and subsequently adjusted to recognize the Company’s share of earnings or losses. In February 2019, the Company and Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group ("MUFG") announced the establishment of a joint venture, the Global Open Network, Inc. ("GO-NET"), and their plans to offer a new blockchain-based online payment network. The Company's 20% stake in GO-NET was accounted for using the equity method. During the first quarter of 2022, MUFG, the majority owner of GO-NET, announced its intention to suspend the operations of GO-NET and to eventually liquidate it. As a result of MUFG's intention to suspend operations, the Company impaired its remaining investment of $7.5 million. The Company recorded a loss of $14.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects its share of the losses incurred by GO-NET during that year. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a loss of $13.1 million, which included an $11.0 million impairment to reduce the Company's investment to its fair value due to a modified business plan and continued negative projected cash flows. The valuation technique used to measure fair value of the Company's equity method investment in GO-NET was primarily an adjusted net asset value model based on labor costs and the amount of time required to develop a similar technology for use in the planned payment processing service. Subsequent to the establishment of the joint venture, the Company recorded revenue of $4.0 million, $10.1 million, and $11.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for services provided to GO-NET. The Company no longer provided services after June 30, 2022 due to the intention to suspend operations and to eventually liquidate it. Goodwill, Acquired Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets Goodwill is the amount by which the cost of acquired net assets in a business combination exceeds the fair value of the net identifiable assets on the date of purchase and is carried at its historical cost. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill as of December 31 each year. As of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company concluded that it has one reporting unit and that its chief operating decision maker is its chief executive officer and the executive management team. The Company has assigned the entire balance of goodwill to one reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit was based on the Company's market capitalization as of each of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and it was substantially in excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit at each date. The fair value of the Company's reporting unit was determined by the Company's enterprise value as of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Acquired intangible assets consist of completed technologies, customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, non-compete agreements and acquired license rights. Acquired intangible assets, other than goodwill, are amortized over their estimated useful lives based upon the estimated economic value derived from the related intangible asset. Significant judgment is used in determining fair values of acquired intangibles assets and their estimated useful lives. Fair value and useful life determinations may be based on, among other factors, estimates of future expected cash flows, royalty cost savings and appropriate discount rates used in calculating present values. Long-lived assets, including property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and acquired intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as service discontinuance, technological obsolescence, significant decreases in the Company’s market capitalization, facility closures or work-force reductions indicate that the carrying amount of the long-lived asset may not be recoverable. When such events occur, the Company compares the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted expected future cash flows related to the asset. If this comparison indicates that an impairment is present, the amount of the impairment is calculated as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. Contract Liabilities Contract liabilities primarily represent payments received from customers for which the related performance obligations have not yet been satisfied. These balances consist of the unearned portion of monthly service fees and integration fees and prepayments made by customers for future periods. The current and long-term portions of the Company's contract liabilities are included in deferred revenue in the respective sections of the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Revenue Recognition The Company primarily derives revenue from the sale of services to customers executing contracts having terms of one year or longer. Services included in the Company's contracts consist of its core services – the delivery of content, applications and software over the internet – as well as security and cloud computing solutions and professional services. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. The Company enters into contracts that may include various combinations of these services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. These contracts generally commit the customer to a minimum of monthly, quarterly or annual levels of usage and specify the rate at which the customer must pay for actual usage above the stated minimum. Based on the typical structure of the Company's contracts, which are generally for monthly recurring services that are essentially the same over time and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer, most performance obligations represent a promise to deliver a series of distinct services over time. The Company's contracts with customers sometimes include promises to deliver multiple services to a customer. Determining whether services are distinct performance obligations often requires the exercise of judgment by management. For example, advanced features that enhance a service and are highly interrelated are generally not considered distinct; rather, they are combined with the service they relate to into one performance obligation. Different determinations related to combining services into performance obligations could result in differences in the timing and amount of revenue recognized in a period. Generally, the transaction price in a contract is equal to the committed price stated in the contract, less any discounts or rebates. The Company's typical contracts qualify for series accounting, and the pricing terms generally do not require estimation of the transaction price beyond the reporting period. As a result, any incremental fees generated as a result of usage or “bursting” over committed contract levels are recorded in the period to which the services relate. The amount of consideration recognized for usage above contract minimums is limited to the amount the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for providing the services. Once the transaction price has been determined, the Company allocates such price among all performance obligations in the contract on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis. Determination of SSP requires the exercise of judgment by management. SSP is based on observable inputs such as the price the Company charges for the service when sold separately or the discounted list price per management’s approved price list. In cases where services are not sold separately or price list rates are not available, a cost-plus-margin approach or adjusted market approach is used to determine SSP. Most content delivery and security services represent stand-ready obligations that are satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company. Accordingly, revenue for those services is recognized over time, generally ratably over the term of the arrangement due to consistent monthly usage commitments that expire each period. Any bursting over given commitments is recognized in the period in which the traffic was served. For services that involve traffic consumption, revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the level of traffic served to a customer in a given period. For custom arrangements, other methods may be used as a measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligations. Some of the Company's contracts are satisfied at a point in time, such as one-time professional services, integration services and most license sales where the primary obligation is delivery of the license at the start of the term. In these cases, revenue is recognized at the point in time of delivery or satisfaction of the performance obligation. From time to time, the Company enters into contracts to sell its services or license its technology to unrelated enterprises at or about the same time that it enters into contracts to purchase products or services from the same enterprises. Consideration payable to a customer is reviewed as part of the transaction price. If the payment to the customer does not represent payment for a distinct service, revenue is recognized only up to the net amount of consideration after customer payment obligations are considered. The Company may also resell the licenses or services of third parties. If the Company is acting as an agent in an arrangement with a customer to provide third party services, the transaction price reflects only the net amount to which the Company will be entitled, after accounting for payments made to the third party responsible for satisfying the performance obligation. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue consists primarily of fees paid to network providers for bandwidth and to third-party network data centers for housing servers, also known as co-location costs. Cost of revenue also includes employee costs for services delivery and network operation, build-out and support of the Company's network; network storage costs; cost of software licenses; depreciation of network equipment used to deliver the Company’s services; amortization of network-related internal-use software; and costs for the production of live events streamed by the Company for customers. The Company enters into contracts for bandwidth with third-party network providers with terms typically ranging from several months to five years. These contracts generally commit the Company to pay minimum monthly fees plus additional fees for bandwidth usage above the committed level. In some circumstances, internet service providers (“ISPs”) make rack space available for the Company to locate its servers and provide access to their bandwidth at a discount or no cost. Although the Company does not provide any goods or services to the ISPs or the ISPs’ customers under these arrangements, the ISPs and their customers indirectly benefit by accessing content through a local Company server, resulting in better content delivery. The Company records the cost of these vendor relationships at their negotiated transaction price, which is either at a discount or no cost. Research and Development Costs and Capitalized Internal-Use Software Research and development costs consist primarily of payroll and related personnel costs for the design, development, deployment, testing and enhancement of the Company’s services and network. Costs incurred in the development of the Company’s services are expensed as incurred, except certain internal-use software development costs eligible for capitalization. Capitalized costs include external consulting fees, payroll and payroll-related costs and stock-based compensation for employees in the Company’s development and information technology groups who are directly associated with, and who devote time to, the Company’s internal-use software projects. Capitalization begins when the planning stage is complete and the Company commits resources to the software project; capitalization continues during the application development stage. Capitalization ceases when the software has been tested and is ready for its intended use. Costs incurred during the planning, training and post-implementation stages of the software development life-cycle are expensed as incurred. The Company amortizes completed internal-use software that is used on its network to cost of revenue over its estimated useful life. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation costs for all stock-based payment awards made to employees based upon the awards’ grant-date fair value. The stock-based payment awards include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units and employee stock purchases related to the Company’s employee stock purchase plan. For stock options, the Company has selected the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of stock option awards. For stock awards with market-based vesting conditions, the Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fair value of the award. For stock options, restricted stock units and deferred stock units that contain only a service-based vesting feature, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the award's vesting period. For awards with a performance condition-based vesting feature, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a graded-vesting basis over the award's expected vesting period, commencing when achievement of the performance condition is deemed probable. In addition, for awards that vest and become exercisable only upon achievement of specified performance conditions, the Company makes judgments and estimates each quarter about the probability that such performance conditions will be met or achieved. Any changes to those estimates that the Company makes from time to time may have a significant impact on the stock-based compensation expense recorded and could materially impact the Company’s results of operations. Foreign Currency Translation and Forward Currency Contracts The assets and liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries are translated at the applicable exchange rate as of the balance sheet date, and revenue and expenses are translated at an average rate over the period. Resulting currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses on inter-company and other non-functional currency transactions are recorded in other income (expense), net. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward contracts to offset foreign exchange gains and losses generated by the re-measurement of certain assets and liabilities recorded in non-functional currencies. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives, as well as re-measurement gains and losses, are recognized in current earnings in other income (expense), net. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of the forward currency contracts and the underlying gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial. The Company's foreign currency forward contracts may be exposed to credit risk to the extent that its counterparties are unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The Company seeks to minimize counterparty credit (or repayment) risk by entering into transactions only with major financial institutions of investment grade credit rating. Income Taxes The Company's provision for income taxes is comprised of a current and a deferred portion. The current income tax provision is calculated as the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current year. The deferred income tax provision is calculated as the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and carryforwards using expected tax rates in effect in the years during which the differences are expected to reverse or the carryforwards are expected to be realized. The Company currently has net deferred tax assets consisting of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards and deductible temporary differences. Management periodically weighs the positive and negative evidence to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The Company has recorded certain tax reserves to address potential exposures involving its income tax positions. These potential tax liabilities result from the varying application of statutes, rules, regulations and interpretations by different taxing jurisdictions. The Company's estimate of the value of its tax reserves contains assumptions based on past experiences and judgments about the interpretation of statutes, rules and regulations by taxing jurisdictions. It is possible that the costs of the ultimate tax liability or benefit from these matters may be more or less than the amount the Company estimated. Uncertainty in income taxes is recognized in the Company's consolidated financial statements using a two-step process. First, the tax position must be evaluated to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination. If the tax position is deemed more-likely-than-not to be sustained based on technical merit, the tax position is then assessed to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The amount of the benefit that may be recognized is the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Newly-Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued guidance that was expected to reduce complexity and improve comparability of financial reporting associated with accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2022 on a modified retrospective basis. The convertible senior notes included on the Company's consolidated balance sheet more closely reflect the principal amounts. Prior to the adoption of this guidance, the Company separated its convertible senior notes into a liability and an equity component. The equity portion is now eliminated. The cumulative effect of the changes was an increase to convertible senior notes of $304.7 million, an increase to deferred income tax liabilities of $0.7 million, an increase to deferred income tax assets of $77.7 million, a decrease to property and equipment of $7.7 million and a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $375.4 million on the consolidated balance sheet. The net effect of these adjustments was recorded as an increase to retained earnings as of January 1, 2022. Additionally, the new guidance eliminates the use of the treasury stock method for convertible instruments that can be settled in whole or in part with equity, when calculating diluted earnings per share. Instead, it requires application of the if-converted method. Under that method, diluted earnings per share would generally be calculated assuming that all the convertible senior notes were converted solely into shares of common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, unless the result would be antidilutive. The application of the if-converted method reduces the Company’s reported diluted earnings per share after the adoption date. However, in December 2021, the Company made an irrevocable election to settle the principal portion of the convertible senior notes with cash. Accordingly, the if-converted method is only impacted by any potential shares to be delivered for the amount in excess of the principal portion. The changes to the diluted earnings per share guidance did not materially impact the Company's results of operations. With the elimination of the debt discount created by the equity component, amortization of the debt discount is eliminated, which decreases interest expense, and therefore increases net income and earnings per share, from the period of adoption. This had the effect of increasing basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended 2022 by $0.32.

Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 927,779	$ 881,896	$ 903,332	$ 903,647	$ 905,358	$ 860,333	$ 852,824	$ 842,708			$ 3,616,654	$ 3,461,223	$ 3,198,149
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets shown below)	357,968	346,450	346,649	332,752	325,403	316,866	320,000	306,687			1,383,819	1,268,956	1,132,672
Net income	$ 128,762	$ 123,694	$ 137,840	$ 133,376	$ 160,534	$ 178,916	$ 156,497	$ 155,695	$ 271,216	$ 394,910	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.86	$ 0.83	$ 0.99	$ 1.10	$ 0.96	$ 0.95	$ 1.69	$ 2.47	$ 3.29	$ 4.01	$ 3.43
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.85	$ 0.82	$ 0.97	$ 1.08	$ 0.94	$ 0.94	$ 1.67	$ 2.45	$ 3.26	$ 3.93	$ 3.37

- Definition

The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period.

+ References

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+ Details

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

+ Details

- Definition

Amount, including tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value-added and excise.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Tax expense on change in unrealized gain on investments	$ 6,589	$ 3,412	$ (2,720)

Property and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except years):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Computer and networking equipment	$	2,139,518	$	1,981,775	3-7
Purchased software	89,695		89,347		3-10
Furniture and fixtures	71,427		71,381		1-7
Office equipment	41,866		42,616		3-5
Leasehold improvements	229,037		227,358		1-15
Internal-use software	1,529,264		1,382,099		2-7
Property and equipment, gross	4,100,807		3,794,576
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,560,625)		(2,260,247)
Property and equipment, net	$	1,540,182	$	1,534,329

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 542,337	$ 536,725
Marketable securities	562,979	541,470
Accounts receivable, net of reserves of $5,917 and $1,397 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively	679,206	675,926
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	185,040	166,313
Total current assets	1,969,562	1,920,434
Marketable securities	320,531	1,088,048
Property and equipment, net	1,540,182	1,534,329
Operating lease right-of-use assets	813,372	815,754
Acquired intangible assets, net	441,716	313,225
Goodwill	2,763,838	2,156,254
Deferred income tax assets	337,677	168,342
Other assets	116,522	142,287
Total assets	8,303,400	8,138,673
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	145,420	109,928
Accrued expenses	367,017	411,590
Deferred revenue	105,109	86,517
Operating lease liabilities	196,094	175,683
Other current liabilities	5,228	6,623
Total current liabilities	818,868	790,341
Deferred revenue	22,117	25,342
Deferred income tax liabilities	18,400	40,974
Convertible senior notes	2,285,258	1,976,167
Operating lease liabilities	693,265	707,087
Other liabilities	105,305	68,748
Total liabilities	3,943,213	3,608,659
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 700,000 shares designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock; no shares issued or outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 700,000,000 shares authorized; 156,494,816 and 160,512,111 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively	1,565	1,605
Additional paid-in capital	2,578,603	3,340,822
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(140,332)	(69,105)
Retained earnings	1,920,351	1,256,692
Total stockholders’ equity	4,360,187	4,530,014
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 8,303,400	$ 8,138,673

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Units by Type (Details) shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total restricted stock units vesting conditions granted (in shares)	3,563
Service-based RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock units vesting conditions granted (in shares)	3,243
Market-based RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock units granted with performance based vesting (in shares)	81
Market- and performance-based RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock units granted with performance based vesting (in shares)	239

Segment and Geographic Information (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Segment and Geographic Information (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments \| segment	1
Property and equipment, net	$ 1,540,182	$ 1,534,329
Operating lease right-of-use assets	813,372	815,754
U.S.
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	608,854	625,424
U.S. \| Property, Plant, and Equipment, Excluding Internal-Use Software
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	568,590	568,040
Non-U.S.
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	204,518	190,330
Non-U.S. \| Property, Plant, and Equipment, Excluding Internal-Use Software
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	$ 516,127	$ 510,695

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

The Company has entered into various operating lease agreements for its offices and co-location sites and related equipment. The Company has also entered into sublease agreements with tenants of various offices previously vacated by the Company. These operating leases have lease periods expiring between 2023 and 2034. The Company’s operating lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements		Total
2022
Operating lease cost	$	82,761	$	152,215	$	234,976
Short-term lease cost	52		21,741		21,793
Variable lease cost	25,167		35,025		60,192
Sublease income	(25,743)		—		(25,743)
Total operating lease costs	$	82,237	$	208,981	$	291,218

2021
Operating lease cost	$	84,100	$	136,673	$	220,773
Short-term lease cost	58		17,660		17,718
Variable lease cost	22,016		31,428		53,444
Sublease income	(21,033)		—		(21,033)
Total operating lease costs	$	85,141	$	185,761	$	270,902

2020
Operating lease cost	$	83,574	$	113,554	$	197,128
Short-term lease cost	229		15,620		15,849
Variable lease cost	21,235		34,259		55,494
Sublease income	(22,064)		—		(22,064)
Total operating lease costs	$	82,974	$	163,433	$	246,407

Lease costs for real estate arrangements are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. Lease costs for co-location arrangements are primarily included in cost of revenue.

Weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates related to the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:


	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements		Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	10.3		3.9		11.1		3.9
Weighted average discount rate	3.6	%	2.8	%	3.6	%	1.3	%

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements
2023	$	78,714	$	119,527
2024	79,081		67,081
2025	72,242		46,196
2026	66,020		34,871
2027	60,717		24,346
Thereafter	358,338		18,584
Total lease payments	715,112		310,605
Less: imputed interest	119,106		17,252
Total lease liabilities	$	596,006	$	293,353

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had additional operating leases for co-location sites that had not yet commenced of $141.7 million, of which a majority will commence in 2023, with lease terms of one year to eight years. The table above excludes $223.6 million of future sublease income that is expected to be recognized through 2034.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $5.0 million, primarily related to operating leases. The letters of credit remain in effect until the Company fulfills its obligations under these leases or as such obligations expire under the terms of the letters of credit.

Restructuring (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of Restructuring Accrual

The activity of the Company's accrual for employee severance and related benefits for all restructuring actions during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Employee Severance and Related Benefits
Balance January 1, 2020	$	5,707
Costs incurred	26,332
Cash disbursements	(10,118)

Translation adjustments and other	130
Balance December 31, 2020	22,051
Costs incurred	6,600
Cash disbursements	(27,095)

Translation adjustments and other	(368)
Balance December 31, 2021	1,188
Costs incurred	747
Cash disbursements	(1,209)

Translation adjustments and other	(185)
Balance December 31, 2022	$	541

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Income tax refund received	$ 15,458	$ 14,808	$ 17,491

Segment and Geographic Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas

et property and equipment, excluding internal-use software and operating lease right-of-use assets, located in the U.S. and foreign locations, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Property and equipment, net, excluding internal-use software, located in the U.S.	$	568,590	$	568,040
Property and equipment, net, excluding internal-use software, located in foreign locations	516,127		510,695
Operating lease right-of-use assets located in the U.S.	608,854		625,424
Operating lease right-of-use assets located in foreign locations	204,518		190,330

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2022	Feb. 24, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	0-27275
Entity Registrant Name	Akamai Technologies, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3432319
Entity Address, Address Line One	145 Broadway
Entity Address, City or Town	Cambridge
Entity Address, State or Province	MA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	02142
City Area Code	617
Local Phone Number	444-3000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock - par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	AKAM
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 14,326.7
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		156,275,794
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission relative to the registrant’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III of this annual report on Form 10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Central Index Key	0001086222

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property and Equipment (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Property and equipment per unit value, minimum	$ 1,000
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life	1 year

Income Taxes - Components of Income Tax Schedule (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S.	$ 61,383	$ 70,300	$ 45,074
Foreign	596,620	657,921	571,008
Income before provision for income taxes	$ 658,003	$ 728,221	$ 616,082

Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 3,616,654	$ 3,461,223	$ 3,198,149
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets shown below)	1,383,819	1,268,956	1,132,672
Research and development	391,434	335,372	269,315
Sales and marketing	502,409	461,967	510,405
General and administrative	584,206	553,024	547,888
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	64,983	48,019	42,049
Restructuring charge	13,529	10,737	37,286
Total costs and operating expenses	2,940,380	2,678,075	2,539,615
Income from operations	676,274	783,148	658,534
Interest and marketable securities income, net	3,258	15,620	29,122
Interest expense	(11,096)	(72,332)	(69,120)
Other (expense) income, net	(10,433)	1,785	(2,454)
Income before provision for income taxes	658,003	728,221	616,082
Provision for income taxes	(126,696)	(62,571)	(45,922)
Loss from equity method investment	(7,635)	(14,008)	(13,106)
Net income	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 3.29	$ 4.01	$ 3.43
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 3.26	$ 3.93	$ 3.37
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic (in shares)	159,089	162,665	162,490
Diluted (in shares)	160,467	165,804	165,213

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-Term Commitments

The minimum future commitments as of December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Bandwidth Commitments		Purchase Order Commitments
2023	$	82,949	$	378,816
2024	23,487		45,113
2025	10,519		8,094
2026	1,065		2,427
2027	46		546

Total	$	118,066	$	434,996

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity	Dec. 31, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders’ Equity Stock Repurchase Program In November 2018, the board of directors authorized a $1.1 billion repurchase program through December 2021. In October 2021, the board of directors authorized a new $1.8 billion share repurchase program, effective January 2022 through December 2024. The Company's goals for the share repurchase programs are to offset the dilution created by its employee equity compensation programs over time and provide the flexibility to return capital to shareholders as business and market conditions warrant, while still preserving its ability to pursue other strategic opportunities. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company repurchased 6.4 million, 4.7 million and 2.0 million shares, respectively, of its common stock for $608.0 million, $522.3 million and $193.6 million, respectively, pursuant to the repurchase programs described above. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $1.2 billion available for future purchases of shares under the current repurchase program. The board of directors authorized the retirement of all the outstanding shares of its treasury stock as of each of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The retired shares were returned to the number of authorized but unissued shares of the Company's common stock, and the retirement was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

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+ Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentrations of Credit Risk (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Customer Concentration Risk \| Accounts Receivable \| One Customer
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk percent (more than)	10.00%	10.00%

Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, software and equipment depreciation, amortization expense	$ 527.8	$ 502.6	$ 436.3
Capitalization of stock-based compensation	32.3	35.0	$ 38.0
Disposal of property plant and equipment	210.2	283.4
Write off of internal-use software	$ 9.1	$ 3.4

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Shares
Outstanding (in shares) \| shares	1
Exercised (in shares) \| shares	0
Outstanding (in shares) \| shares	1
Exercisable (in shares) \| shares	1
Vested or expected to vest (in shares) \| shares	1
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 41.08
Exercised (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	40.44
Outstanding (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	41.28
Exercisable (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	41.28
Vested or expected to vest (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 41.28
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term & Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	7 months 6 days
Exercisable	7 months 6 days
Vested or expected to vest	7 months 6 days
Outstanding \| $	$ 43
Exercisable \| $	43
Vested or expected to vest \| $	$ 43

Fair Value Measurements - Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 896,185	$ 1,610,775
Gross unrealized gains	0	1,194
Gross unrealized losses	(31,420)	(5,580)
Aggregate Fair Value	864,765	1,606,389
Short-Term Marketable Securities	562,308	540,574
Long-Term Marketable Securities	302,457	1,065,815
Time deposits
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	19,530
Gross unrealized gains	0
Gross unrealized losses	0
Aggregate Fair Value	19,530
Short-Term Marketable Securities	19,530
Long-Term Marketable Securities	0
Commercial paper
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost		25,056
Gross unrealized gains		0
Gross unrealized losses		(24)
Aggregate Fair Value		25,032
Short-Term Marketable Securities		25,032
Long-Term Marketable Securities		0
Corporate bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	624,082	1,268,991
Gross unrealized gains	0	1,191
Gross unrealized losses	(21,029)	(4,275)
Aggregate Fair Value	603,053	1,265,907
Short-Term Marketable Securities	362,458	459,012
Long-Term Marketable Securities	240,595	806,895
U.S. government agency obligations
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	252,573	316,728
Gross unrealized gains	0	3
Gross unrealized losses	(10,391)	(1,281)
Aggregate Fair Value	242,182	315,450
Short-Term Marketable Securities	180,320	56,530
Long-Term Marketable Securities	$ 61,862	$ 258,920

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 927,779	$ 881,896	$ 903,332	$ 903,647	$ 905,358	$ 860,333	$ 852,824	$ 842,708	$ 3,616,654	$ 3,461,223	$ 3,198,149
Security
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue									1,541,941	1,334,836	1,061,622
Delivery
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue									1,669,257	1,873,243	1,929,810
Compute
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue									405,456	253,144	206,717
U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue									1,902,051	1,837,508	1,777,435
International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue									$ 1,714,603	$ 1,623,715	$ 1,420,714

- Definition

+ References

+ Details

Debt - Schedule of Convertible Senior Notes (Details) - Convertible Debt - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Aug. 31, 2019	May 31, 2018
2027 Notes
Liability component:
Principal	$ 1,150,000,000	$ 1,150,000,000	$ 1,150,000,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(8,707,000)	(169,030,000)
Net carrying amount	1,141,293,000	980,970,000
Equity component:	0	220,529,000
2025 Notes
Liability component:
Principal	1,150,000,000	1,150,000,000		$ 1,150,000,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(6,035,000)	(154,803,000)
Net carrying amount	1,143,965,000	995,197,000
Equity component:	$ 0	$ 285,225,000

- Definition

Amount, excluding unamortized premium (discount) and debt issuance cost, of long-term debt. Excludes lease obligation.

+ References + Details

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Marketable Securities and Other Investment Related Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Due in 1 year or less	$ 562,308	$ 540,574
Due after 1 year through 5 years	302,457	1,065,815
Aggregate Fair Value	$ 864,765	$ 1,606,389

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - New Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Convertible senior notes	$ 2,285,258				$ 1,976,167						$ 2,285,258	$ 1,976,167
Deferred income tax liabilities	18,400	$ 19,202	$ 26,549	$ 35,528	40,974				$ 26,549	$ 19,202	18,400	40,974
Deferred income tax assets	337,677	$ 314,834	$ 312,515	$ 274,556	168,342				$ 312,515	$ 314,834	337,677	168,342
Property and equipment, net	(1,540,182)				(1,534,329)						(1,540,182)	(1,534,329)
Additional paid-in capital	$ (2,578,603)				$ (3,340,822)						$ (2,578,603)	$ (3,340,822)
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.86	$ 0.83	$ 0.99	$ 1.10	$ 0.96	$ 0.95	$ 1.69	$ 2.47	$ 3.29	$ 4.01	$ 3.43
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.82	$ 0.78	$ 0.85	$ 0.82	$ 0.97	$ 1.08	$ 0.94	$ 0.94	$ 1.67	$ 2.45	3.26	$ 3.93	$ 3.37
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Convertible senior notes														$ 304,700
Deferred income tax liabilities														700
Deferred income tax assets														77,700
Property and equipment, net														7,700
Additional paid-in capital														$ 375,400
Basic (in dollars per share)											0.32
Diluted (in dollars per share)											$ 0.32

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Components of Lease Expense

The Company’s operating lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements		Total
2022
Operating lease cost	$	82,761	$	152,215	$	234,976
Short-term lease cost	52		21,741		21,793
Variable lease cost	25,167		35,025		60,192
Sublease income	(25,743)		—		(25,743)
Total operating lease costs	$	82,237	$	208,981	$	291,218

2021
Operating lease cost	$	84,100	$	136,673	$	220,773
Short-term lease cost	58		17,660		17,718
Variable lease cost	22,016		31,428		53,444
Sublease income	(21,033)		—		(21,033)
Total operating lease costs	$	85,141	$	185,761	$	270,902

2020
Operating lease cost	$	83,574	$	113,554	$	197,128
Short-term lease cost	229		15,620		15,849
Variable lease cost	21,235		34,259		55,494
Sublease income	(22,064)		—		(22,064)
Total operating lease costs	$	82,974	$	163,433	$	246,407

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Terms and Discount Rates

Weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates related to the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:


	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements		Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	10.3		3.9		11.1		3.9
Weighted average discount rate	3.6	%	2.8	%	3.6	%	1.3	%

Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-location Arrangements
2023	$	78,714	$	119,527
2024	79,081		67,081
2025	72,242		46,196
2026	66,020		34,871
2027	60,717		24,346
Thereafter	358,338		18,584
Total lease payments	715,112		310,605
Less: imputed interest	119,106		17,252
Total lease liabilities	$	596,006	$	293,353

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Marketable Securities

Available-for-sale marketable securities held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


			Gross Unrealized				Aggregate Fair Value		Classification on Balance Sheet
	Amortized Cost								Short-Term Marketable Securities		Long-Term Marketable Securities
As of December 31, 2022			Gains		Losses
Time deposits	$	19,530	$	—	$	—	$	19,530	$	19,530	$	—

Corporate bonds	624,082		—		(21,029)		603,053		362,458		240,595

U.S. government agency obligations	252,573		—		(10,391)		242,182		180,320		61,862
	$	896,185	$	—	$	(31,420)	$	864,765	$	562,308	$	302,457

As of December 31, 2021

Commercial paper	$	25,056	$	—	$	(24)	$	25,032	$	25,032	$	—
Corporate bonds	1,268,991		1,191		(4,275)		1,265,907		459,012		806,895

U.S. government agency obligations	316,728		3		(1,281)		315,450		56,530		258,920
	$	1,610,775	$	1,194	$	(5,580)	$	1,606,389	$	540,574	$	1,065,815

Fair Value Measurement Within Fair Value Hierarchy

The fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	Total Fair Value		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
			Level 1		Level 2
As of December 31, 2022
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Money market funds	$	999	$	999	$	—
Time deposits	285,830		—		285,830

Corporate bonds	603,053		—		603,053

U.S. government agency obligations	242,182		—		242,182
Mutual funds	18,745		18,745		—
	$	1,150,809	$	19,744	$	1,131,065

As of December 31, 2021
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Money market funds	$	109,313	$	109,313	$	—

Commercial paper	39,031		—		39,031
Corporate bonds	1,265,907		—		1,265,907

U.S. government agency obligations	315,450		—		315,450
Mutual funds	23,129		23,129		—
	$	1,752,830	$	132,442	$	1,620,388

Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Marketable Securities and Other Investment Related Assets

Contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Due in 1 year or less	$	562,308	$	540,574
Due after 1 year through 5 years	302,457		1,065,815
	$	864,765	$	1,606,389

Accounts Receivable

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable

Net accounts receivable consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Trade accounts receivable	$	490,162	$	501,959
Unbilled accounts receivable	194,961		175,364
Gross accounts receivable	685,123		677,323
Allowance for current expected credit losses and other reserves	(5,917)		(1,397)
Accounts receivable, net	$	679,206	$	675,926

A summary of activity in the accounts receivable allowance for current expected credit losses and other reserves for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Beginning balance	$	1,397	$	1,822	$	1,880
Charges to income from operations	9,292		4,576		12,347
Collections from customers previously reserved and other	(4,772)		(5,001)		(12,405)
Ending balance	$	5,917	$	1,397	$	1,822

Charges to income from operations primarily represents charges to provision for doubtful accounts for increases in the allowance for current expected credit losses.

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Fair Value Measurement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	$ 864,765	$ 1,606,389
Total Fair Value	1,150,809	1,752,830
Money market funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Cash equivalents	999	109,313
Time deposits
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	285,830
Available-for-sale securities	19,530
Commercial paper
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents		39,031
Available-for-sale securities		25,032
Corporate bonds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	603,053	1,265,907
U.S. government agency obligations
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	242,182	315,450
Available-for-sale securities	242,182	315,450
Mutual funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	18,745	23,129
Level 1
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Total Fair Value	19,744	132,442
Level 1 \| Money market funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Cash equivalents	999	109,313
Level 1 \| Time deposits
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	0
Level 1 \| Commercial paper
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents		0
Level 1 \| Corporate bonds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Level 1 \| U.S. government agency obligations
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	0	0
Level 1 \| Mutual funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	18,745	23,129
Level 2
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Total Fair Value	1,131,065	1,620,388
Level 2 \| Money market funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Cash equivalents	0	0
Level 2 \| Time deposits
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	285,830
Level 2 \| Commercial paper
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents		39,031
Level 2 \| Corporate bonds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	603,053	1,265,907
Level 2 \| U.S. government agency obligations
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities and cash equivalents	242,182	315,450
Level 2 \| Mutual funds
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities:
Available-for-sale securities	$ 0	$ 0

Debt - Schedule of Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019	May 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	$ 4,688	$ 69,697	$ 67,153
Capitalization of interest expense	(293)	(3,672)	(4,330)
Total interest expense	11,096	72,332	69,120
Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest on debt instruments	$ 952	557	548
Convertible Debt \| 2025 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	0.125%				0.125%
Interest on debt instruments	$ 1,437	1,437	1,437
Convertible Debt \| 2027 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	0.375%			0.375%
Interest on debt instruments	$ 4,312	$ 4,313	$ 4,312

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation	$ 217,185	$ 202,759	$ 197,411
Provision for income taxes	(46,829)	(56,084)	(62,153)
Total stock-based compensation, net of taxes	170,356	146,675	135,258
Cost of revenue
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation	28,354	27,143	24,829
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation	78,116	65,950	48,855
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation	47,789	46,342	65,257
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation	$ 62,926	$ 63,324	$ 58,470

Income Taxes - Schedule of NOL Carryforwards (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Federal and state research and development tax credit and other credit carryforwards	$ 121,300	$ 113,500
Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expirations at Various Dates Through:	2037	2037
Federal
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
NOL carryforwards:	$ 30,100	$ 44,000
Federal \| Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expirations at Various Dates Through:	2037	2037
State
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
NOL carryforwards:	$ 22,400	$ 15,500
State \| Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expirations at Various Dates Through:	2042	2042
Foreign
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
NOL carryforwards:	$ 40,100	$ 180,100
Foreign \| Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expirations at Various Dates Through:	2037	2037

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	$ 64,983	$ 48,019	$ 42,049
2023	63,500
2024	59,200
2025	61,200
2026	56,300
2027	$ 43,700

Income Taxes - Summary of Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Valuation Allowance [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 37,143	$ 32,602	$ 26,046
Charges to income tax expense	4,392	4,707	6,588
Release of valuation allowance	(285)	(166)	(32)
Ending balance	$ 41,250	$ 37,143	$ 32,602

Leases - Lease Maturity (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
2023	$ 78,714
2024	79,081
2025	72,242
2026	66,020
2027	60,717
Thereafter	358,338
Total lease payments	715,112
Less: imputed interest	119,106
Total lease liabilities	596,006
Co-location Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
2023	119,527
2024	67,081
2025	46,196
2026	34,871
2027	24,346
Thereafter	18,584
Total lease payments	310,605
Less: imputed interest	17,252
Total lease liabilities	$ 293,353

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The components of income before provision for income taxes were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	61,383	$	70,300	$	45,074
Foreign	596,620		657,921		571,008
Income before provision for income taxes	$	658,003	$	728,221	$	616,082

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Current tax provision (benefit):
Federal	$	49,808	$	11,824	$	(1,765)
State	9,214		8,515		5,346
Foreign	172,645		90,026		76,162
Deferred tax benefit:
Federal	(73,826)		(33,366)		(19,845)
State	(18,657)		(14,611)		(14,509)
Foreign	(16,595)		(4,358)		(6,023)
Change in valuation allowance	4,107		4,541		6,556
Total	$	126,696	$	62,571	$	45,922

The Company’s effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:


	2022		2021		2020
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State taxes	0.7		0.7		1.0
Stock-based compensation	2.0		0.1		(0.6)
U.S. federal, state and foreign research and development credits	(5.1)		(3.7)		(4.4)
Foreign earnings	(6.6)		(7.3)		(7.7)

Nondeductible (nontaxable) foreign items	0.7		—		(0.4)



Global intangible low-taxed income	2.5		0.5		0.6
Release of uncertain tax position reserve	(0.7)		(1.0)		(0.9)

Intercompany sale of intellectual property	4.0		—		0.2
Valuation allowance	0.6		0.6		1.1
Other	0.2		(2.3)		(2.4)
	19.3	%	8.6	%	7.5	%

The components of the net deferred tax assets and liabilities and the related valuation allowance as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021
Accrued bonus	$	21,181	$	26,261
Deferred revenue	11,925		6,683

Operating lease liabilities	125,567		133,298
Stock-based compensation	19,874		21,507
NOLs	18,172		53,088

Tax credit carryforwards	93,672		88,710
Capitalized research and development costs	43,215		—
Convertible senior notes interest	75,603		18,552
Depreciation and amortization	79,595		85,438
Other	28,879		15,679
Deferred tax assets	517,683		449,216

Acquired intangible assets	(530)		(86,567)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(113,118)		(124,833)
Deferred commissions	(12,949)		(13,468)
Capitalized internal-use software development costs	(30,559)		(59,837)
Deferred tax liabilities	(157,156)		(284,705)
Valuation allowance	(41,250)		(37,143)
Net deferred tax assets	$	319,277	$	127,368

As summary of activity in the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Beginning balance	$	37,143	$	32,602	$	26,046
Charges to income tax expense	4,392		4,707		6,588
Release of valuation allowance	(285)		(166)		(32)
Ending balance	$	41,250	$	37,143	$	32,602

Valuation allowances will be recognized on deferred tax assets if it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be utilized. In measuring deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether a valuation allowance is needed. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a $41.3 million valuation allowance against deferred tax assets related to state tax credits and state and foreign NOLs in which it is more-likely-than-not that such attributes will expire prior to utilization. The increase in the valuation allowance during 2022 was $4.1 million. The increase in the valuation allowance is primarily related to state tax credits.

The Company's NOL and tax credit carryforwards in U.S. federal, state and foreign jurisdictions as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	2022		2021		Expirations at Various Dates Through:
NOL carryforwards:
Federal	$	30,100	$	44,000	2037
State	22,400		15,500		2042
Foreign	40,100		180,100		2037
Federal and state research and development tax credit and other credit carryforwards	121,300		113,500		2037

The Company's U.S. federal and state NOL carryforwards relate to acquisitions completed in 2022, 2021, 2019, 2017 and 2012.

As of December 31, 2022, accumulated earnings outside the U.S. totaled $1.9 billion, the majority of which have been taxed due to the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of cumulative foreign earnings and the tax on global intangible low taxed income required by the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"). No provision for U.S. state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes has been provided for any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to tax under the TCJA, or any additional basis differences inherent in the Company's international subsidiaries, as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested. Determination of the amount of the unrecognized deferred tax liability on outside basis differences is not practicable because of the complexity of laws and regulations, the varying tax treatment of alternative repatriation scenarios and the variation due to multiple potential assumptions relating to the timing of any future repatriation.

The changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	22,563	$	24,105	$	27,359
Gross increases – tax positions of prior periods	3,880		4,293		2,539
Gross increases – current period tax positions	45,975		3,607		1,946
Gross decreases – tax positions of prior periods	(688)		(816)		(3,540)
Gross decreases – lapse of applicable statute of limitations	(3,772)		(8,626)		(4,199)
Balance at end of year	$	67,958	$	22,563	$	24,105

As of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company had $38.3 million, $23.1 million and $29.5 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively. Total interest and penalties for unrecognized tax benefits includes $8.6 million, $7.2 million and $7.7 million as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in the provision for income taxes and were $2.0 million, $0.5 million and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective income tax rate is $38.3 million.

As of December 31, 2022, it is reasonably possible that $3.6 million of unrecognized tax benefits may be recognized within the next 12 months due to the expiration of local statutes of limitations. Certain U.S. state and foreign income tax returns from 2013 through 2022 are currently under audit. The Company has reserved for those positions that are not more-likely-than-not to be sustained.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

+ Details

Acquisitions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Purchase Price Allocation

The preliminary allocation of the purchase price for Linode was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	898,516

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	26,678
Accounts receivable	7,171
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,478
Property and equipment	56,268
Operating lease right-of-use assets	17,000
Identifiable intangible assets	196,020
Goodwill	617,292
Deferred income tax assets	2,528
Other assets	292
Total assets acquired	927,727
Accounts payable	(5,767)
Accrued expenses	(1,958)

Operating lease liabilities	(17,235)


Other liabilities	(4,251)
Total liabilities assumed	(29,211)
Net assets acquired	$	898,516

The allocation of the purchase price for Guardicore was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	610,693

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	27,252
Accounts receivable	10,179
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,307
Property and equipment	1,211
Operating lease right-of-use assets	2,657
Identifiable intangible assets	123,600
Goodwill	479,834
Deferred income tax assets	9,686
Other assets	890
Total assets acquired	656,616
Accounts payable	(1,523)
Accrued liabilities	(7,742)
Deferred revenue	(35,658)
Operating lease liabilities	(1,000)


Total liabilities assumed	(45,923)
Net assets acquired	$	610,693

The allocation of the purchase price for Asavie was as follows (in thousands):


Total purchase consideration	$	154,952

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	26,847
Accounts receivable	14,002
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	995
Property and equipment	2,274
Operating lease right-of-use assets	6,104
Identifiable intangible assets	58,070
Goodwill	70,228
Other assets	395
Total assets acquired	178,915
Accounts payable	(951)
Accrued liabilities	(5,926)
Deferred revenue	(3,136)
Operating lease liabilities	(6,104)
Deferred income tax liabilities	(6,965)
Other liabilities	(881)
Total liabilities assumed	(23,963)
Net assets acquired	$	154,952

Schedule of Acquired Intangible Assets

Acquired intangible assets that are subject to amortization consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Completed technologies	$	327,848	$	(162,323)	$	165,525	$	257,857	$	(128,715)	$	129,142
Customer-related intangible assets	480,817		(244,158)		236,659		398,182		(216,192)		181,990
Non-compete agreements	244		(183)		61		258		(107)		151
Trademarks and trade names	14,642		(7,585)		7,057		8,039		(6,097)		1,942
Acquired license rights	34,810		(2,396)		32,414		490		(490)		—
Total	$	858,361	$	(416,645)	$	441,716	$	664,826	$	(351,601)	$	313,225

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Customer-related intangible assets	$	84,200	16.8
Completed technologies	70,900		5.8
Acquired license rights	34,320		15.0
Trademarks and trade name	6,600		8.8

Total	$	196,020

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	79,000	15.0
Customer-related intangible assets	44,200		14.0
Trademarks	400		1.9

Total	$	123,600

Identified intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	Gross Carrying Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)
Completed technologies	$	17,300	10.1
Customer-related intangible assets	40,400		11.1
Trademarks	100		0.9
Non-compete agreements	270		2.9
Total	$	58,070

Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation (Details)	12 Months Ended
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation (Details)	Dec. 31, 2022 location country segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of locations (more than) \| location	4,100
Number of countries with networks \| country	130
Number of operating segments \| segment	1

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 523,672	$ 651,642	$ 557,054
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	592,754	550,632	478,389
Stock-based compensation	217,185	202,759	197,411
Benefit for deferred income taxes	(104,971)	(47,794)	(33,821)
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	4,395	66,025	62,823
Loss on investments	15,895	10,328	5,878
Other non-cash reconciling items, net	31,063	11,495	17,149
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	(21,214)	(24,096)	(90,381)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(20,125)	4,034	(25,395)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(26,499)	31,523	39,211
Deferred revenue	16,713	(2,865)	(1,318)
Other current liabilities	(5,318)	(20,404)	18,101
Other non-current assets and liabilities	51,126	(28,716)	(10,101)
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,274,676	1,404,563	1,215,000
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(872,091)	(598,825)	(127,999)
Cash paid for asset acquisition	0	0	(36,376)
Purchases of property and equipment	(241,266)	(328,969)	(514,313)
Capitalization of internal-use software development costs	(217,036)	(216,261)	(217,559)
Purchases of short-and long-term marketable securities	(17,975)	(932,604)	(1,782,849)
Proceeds from sales of short-and long-term marketable securities	575,522	442,133	30,350
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions of short-and long-term marketable securities	156,658	991,949	1,597,651
Other, net	(6,122)	(4,322)	8,121
Net cash used in investing activities	(622,310)	(646,899)	(1,042,974)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock under stock plans	56,462	59,632	59,775
Employee taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock-based awards	(82,236)	(99,112)	(89,828)
Repurchases of common stock	(608,010)	(522,255)	(193,588)
Other, net	(393)	(268)	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(634,177)	(562,003)	(223,641)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(12,918)	(11,376)	10,935
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	5,271	184,285	(40,680)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	537,751	353,466	394,146
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year	543,022	537,751	353,466
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 of $15,458, $14,808 and $17,491, respectively	183,900	100,533	79,163
Cash paid for interest expense	6,158	5,750	5,954
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	224,898	224,085	201,856
Non-cash activities:
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	202,409	218,753	200,735
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalization of internal-use software development costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	80,170	63,309	75,666
Capitalization of stock-based compensation	33,060	36,545	38,333
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:
Cash and cash equivalents	542,337	536,725	352,917
Restricted cash	685	1,026	549
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 543,022	$ 537,751	$ 353,466

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Amount of common stock repurchases authorized				$ 1,800,000	$ 1,100,000
Value of shares repurchased during period	$ 608,010	$ 522,255	$ 193,588
Remaining amount available for future purchases of shares under approved repurchase program.	$ 1,200,000
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)	6.4	4.7	2.0
Value of shares repurchased during period	$ 608,000	$ 522,300	$ 193,600

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Assumptions Used (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	0.00%
ESPP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months	6 months
Risk-free interest rate	1.90%	0.10%	0.70%
Expected volatility	26.00%	32.20%	30.40%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Market-based RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	3 years	3 years	3 years
Risk-free interest rate	1.70%	0.30%	0.70%
Expected volatility	30.30%	32.70%	28.20%
Average volatility of peer-company share price	40.70%	39.60%	28.90%

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Schedule of Other Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 858,361	$ 664,826
Accumulated Amortization	(416,645)	(351,601)
Net Carrying Amount	441,716	313,225
Completed technologies
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	327,848	257,857
Accumulated Amortization	(162,323)	(128,715)
Net Carrying Amount	165,525	129,142
Customer-related intangible assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	480,817	398,182
Accumulated Amortization	(244,158)	(216,192)
Net Carrying Amount	236,659	181,990
Non-compete agreements
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	244	258
Accumulated Amortization	(183)	(107)
Net Carrying Amount	61	151
Trademarks and trade names
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	14,642	8,039
Accumulated Amortization	(7,585)	(6,097)
Net Carrying Amount	7,057	1,942
Acquired license rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	34,810	490
Accumulated Amortization	(2,396)	(490)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 32,414	$ 0

Income Taxes - Schedule of Deferred Tax and Related Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Accrued bonus	$ 21,181	$ 26,261
Deferred revenue	11,925	6,683
Operating lease liabilities	125,567	133,298
Stock-based compensation	19,874	21,507
NOLs	18,172	53,088
Tax credit carryforwards	93,672	88,710
Capitalized research and development costs	43,215	0
Convertible senior notes interest	75,603	18,552
Depreciation and amortization	79,595	85,438
Other	28,879	15,679
Deferred tax assets	517,683	449,216
Acquired intangible assets	(530)	(86,567)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(113,118)	(124,833)
Deferred commissions	(12,949)	(13,468)
Capitalized internal-use software development costs	(30,559)	(59,837)
Deferred tax liabilities	(157,156)	(284,705)
Valuation allowance	(41,250)	(37,143)	$ (32,602)	$ (26,046)
Net deferred tax assets	$ 319,277	$ 127,368

Income Taxes - Provision for Income Tax Schedule (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current tax provision (benefit):
Federal						$ 49,808	$ 11,824	$ (1,765)
State						9,214	8,515	5,346
Foreign						172,645	90,026	76,162
Deferred tax benefit:
Federal						(73,826)	(33,366)	(19,845)
State						(18,657)	(14,611)	(14,509)
Foreign						(16,595)	(4,358)	(6,023)
Change in valuation allowance						4,107	4,541	6,556
Total	$ 34,466	$ 32,755	$ 19,837	$ 52,592	$ 87,058	$ 126,696	$ 62,571	$ 45,922

Stock-Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Plans

In May 2013, the Company's stockholders approved the Akamai Technologies, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, which was amended with Company shareholder approval in each of 2015, 2017 and 2019 and was amended and restated with Company shareholder approval in each of 2021 and 2022 (as amended and restated, the "2013 Plan"). The 2013 Plan replaced the Akamai Technologies, Inc. 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2009 Plan"), which in turn replaced the Akamai Technologies, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, the Akamai Technologies, Inc. 2001 Stock Incentive Plan and the Akamai Technologies, Inc. 1998 Stock Incentive Plan (such plans, together with the 2009 Plan, the "Previous Plans"). The Company no longer issues equity awards under the Previous Plans, and they solely exist to satisfy outstanding equity awards previously granted under those plans. The 2013 Plan allows for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash-based awards for up to 26.5 million shares of common stock, subject to certain adjustments, to employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisers of the Company. Additionally, the Company may grant up to 3.8 million shares of common stock thereunder that were available for grant under the 2009 Plan immediately prior to stockholder approval of the 2013 Plan. Any shares of common stock that are currently outstanding under the Previous Plans that are terminated, canceled, surrendered or forfeited will become available to grant under the 2013 Plan. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had reserved 6.2 million shares of common stock available for future issuance of equity awards under the 2013 Plan.

The Company has assumed certain stock incentive plans and the outstanding stock incentives of companies that it has acquired (“Assumed Plans”). Stock incentive awards outstanding as of the date of acquisition under the Assumed Plans were exchanged for the Company’s stock incentive awards and adjusted to reflect the appropriate conversion ratio as specified by the applicable acquisition agreement, but are otherwise administered in accordance with the terms of the Assumed Plans. Stock incentive awards under the Assumed Plans generally vest over three years to four years, and outstanding stock options under the Assumed Plans expire ten years from the date of grant.

The 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("1999 ESPP") permits eligible employees to purchase up to 1.5 million shares each June 1 and December 1, provided that the aggregate number of shares issued shall not exceed 20.0 million. The 1999 ESPP allows participants to purchase shares of common stock at a 15% discount from the fair market value of the stock as determined on specific dates at six-month intervals. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company issued 0.7 million, 0.6 million and 0.7 million shares under the 1999 ESPP, respectively, with a weighted average purchase price per share of $82.83, $92.05 and $80.71, respectively. Total cash proceeds from the purchase of shares under the 1999 ESPP in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $56.6 million, $59.7 million and $58.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, approximately $5.8 million had been withheld from employees for future purchases under the 1999 ESPP.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Components of total stock-based compensation expense included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	28,354	$	27,143	$	24,829
Research and development	78,116		65,950		48,855
Sales and marketing	47,789		46,342		65,257
General and administrative	62,926		63,324		58,470
Total stock-based compensation	217,185		202,759		197,411
Provision for income taxes	(46,829)		(56,084)		(62,153)
Total stock-based compensation, net of taxes	$	170,356	$	146,675	$	135,258

In addition to the amounts of stock-based compensation reported in the table above, the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 also include stock-based compensation reflected as a component of amortization primarily consisting of capitalized internal-use software; the additional stock-based compensation was $31.3 million, $32.4 million and $29.6 million, respectively, before taxes.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards. This model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including expected stock price volatility and the estimated term of each award. The estimated fair value of the Company's stock-based awards, less expected forfeitures, is amortized over the awards’ vesting period on a straight-line basis. Expected volatilities are based on the Company’s historical stock price volatility and implied volatility from traded options in its stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate the expected term of options granted within the valuation model. The risk-free interest rate for periods commensurate with the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield rate in effect at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is zero, as the Company currently does not pay a dividend and does not anticipate doing so in the future.

The grant-date fair values of awards granted under the 1999 ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:


	2022		2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	0.5		0.5		0.5
Risk-free interest rate	1.9	%	0.1	%	0.7	%
Expected volatility	26.0	%	32.2	%	30.4	%
Dividend yield	—	%	—	%	—	%

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the weighted average fair value of awards granted under the 1999 ESPP was $33.26 per share, $36.17 per share and $32.30 per share, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022, total pre-tax unrecognized compensation cost for stock options, restricted stock units, deferred stock units and shares of common stock issued under the 1999 ESPP was $399.3 million. The expense is expected to be recognized through 2025 over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.

Stock Options

Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Shares (in thousands)	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	1	$	41.08
Exercised	—	40.44


Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43
Exercisable at December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43
Vested or expected to vest December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43

The total pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2022 was insignificant. The total pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $0.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively. No options vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $84.30 on December 31, 2022, that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their “in-the-money” options as of that date. The total number of shares issuable upon the exercise of “in-the-money” options exercisable as of December 31, 2022 was 1,002.

Deferred Stock Units

The Company has granted deferred stock units ("DSUs") to non-employee members of its board of directors. Each DSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. The holder may elect to defer receipt of the vested shares of stock represented by the DSU for a period of at least one year but not more than ten years from the grant date. DSUs vest 100% on the first anniversary of the grant date. If a director has completed one year of service, vesting of 100% of the DSUs held by such director will accelerate at the time of his or her departure from the board.

DSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Units (in thousands)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	98	$	72.96
Granted	27	97.40
Vested and distributed	(45)	73.33
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	80	$	81.11

The total pre-tax intrinsic value of DSUs that were vested and distributed during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $4.9 million, $4.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The total fair value of DSUs that were vested and distributed during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $3.3 million, $2.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The grant-date fair value is calculated based upon the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the weighted average fair value of DSU awards granted was $97.40 per share, $114.56 per share and $100.58 per share, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, 27,306 DSUs were unvested, with an aggregate intrinsic value of approximately $2.3 million and a weighted average remaining contractual life of approximately 0.4 years. These units are expected to vest in May 2023.

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

Different types of restricted stock units ("RSUs") granted by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


			December 31, 2022
RSUs with service-based vesting conditions			3,243
RSUs with market-based vesting conditions			81
RSUs with performance-based vesting conditions			239
Total			3,563

RSUs represent the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. RSUs are granted at the discretion of the board of directors, a committee thereof or, subject to defined limitations, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, acting as a committee of one director, to whom such authority has been delegated. The Company has issued RSUs that vest based on the passage of time assuming continued service with the Company, RSUs that vest based upon total shareholder return ("TSR") measured against the benchmark TSR of a peer group and RSUs that vest only upon the achievement of defined performance metrics tied primarily to revenue and earnings targets.

For RSUs with service-based vesting conditions, the fair value is calculated based upon the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant, and the stock-based compensation expense is being recognized over the vesting period. Most RSUs with service-based vesting provisions vest in installments over a three- or four-year period following the grant date.

The Company uses the Monte Carlo simulation model to determine the fair value of the Company's RSUs based on TSR. This model requires the input of assumptions, including the estimated term of each award, the risk-free interest rate, historical stock price volatility of the Company's shares and historical stock price volatility of peer-company shares. The grant-date fair values of the TSR-based RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions:


	2022		2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	3.0		3.0		3.0
Risk-free interest rate	1.7	%	0.3	%	0.7	%
Akamai historical share price volatility	30.3	%	32.7	%	28.2	%
Average volatility of peer-company share price	40.7	%	39.6	%	28.9	%

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, management measured compensation expense for performance-based RSUs based upon a review of the Company’s expected achievement against specified financial performance targets. Such compensation cost is being recorded using a graded-vesting method for each series of grants of performance-based RSUs, to the extent management has deemed that such awards are probable of vesting based upon the expected achievement against the specified targets. On a periodic basis, management reviews the Company’s expected performance and adjusts the compensation cost, if needed, at such time.

RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Units (in thousands)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	4,389	$	95.75
Granted	3,563	107.17
Vested	(2,096)	110.57
Forfeited	(578)	102.92
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	5,278	$	121.92

The shares granted during 2022 and presented in the table above include 172,271 RSUs assumed by the Company as a result of the acquisition of Linode.The total pre-tax intrinsic value of RSUs that vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $227.1 million, $226.4 million and $192.5 million, respectively. The total fair value of RSUs that vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $231.7 million, $233.0 million and $198.9 million, respectively. The grant-date fair value of each RSU is calculated based upon the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the weighted average fair value of RSU awards granted was $107.17 per share, $99.09 per share and $92.42 per share, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, 5.3 million RSUs were outstanding and unvested, with an aggregate intrinsic value of $445.1 million and a weighted average remaining vesting period of approximately 2.3 years. These RSUs are expected to vest on various dates through 2026.

Restructuring - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charge (benefit)		$ 13,529	$ 10,737	$ 37,286
GO-NET
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Impairment loss	$ 7,500			11,000
2021 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charge (benefit)		$ 3,600	3,800
2020 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charge (benefit)			$ 7,900	$ 23,600

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income Before Tax

The components of income before provision for income taxes were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	61,383	$	70,300	$	45,074
Foreign	596,620		657,921		571,008
Income before provision for income taxes	$	658,003	$	728,221	$	616,082

Schedule of Provision for Income Tax

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Current tax provision (benefit):
Federal	$	49,808	$	11,824	$	(1,765)
State	9,214		8,515		5,346
Foreign	172,645		90,026		76,162
Deferred tax benefit:
Federal	(73,826)		(33,366)		(19,845)
State	(18,657)		(14,611)		(14,509)
Foreign	(16,595)		(4,358)		(6,023)
Change in valuation allowance	4,107		4,541		6,556
Total	$	126,696	$	62,571	$	45,922

Schedule of Difference Between Effective and Statutory

The Company’s effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:


	2022		2021		2020
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State taxes	0.7		0.7		1.0
Stock-based compensation	2.0		0.1		(0.6)
U.S. federal, state and foreign research and development credits	(5.1)		(3.7)		(4.4)
Foreign earnings	(6.6)		(7.3)		(7.7)

Nondeductible (nontaxable) foreign items	0.7		—		(0.4)



Global intangible low-taxed income	2.5		0.5		0.6
Release of uncertain tax position reserve	(0.7)		(1.0)		(0.9)

Intercompany sale of intellectual property	4.0		—		0.2
Valuation allowance	0.6		0.6		1.1
Other	0.2		(2.3)		(2.4)
	19.3	%	8.6	%	7.5	%

Net Deferred Tax and Valuation Allowance

The components of the net deferred tax assets and liabilities and the related valuation allowance as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021
Accrued bonus	$	21,181	$	26,261
Deferred revenue	11,925		6,683

Operating lease liabilities	125,567		133,298
Stock-based compensation	19,874		21,507
NOLs	18,172		53,088

Tax credit carryforwards	93,672		88,710
Capitalized research and development costs	43,215		—
Convertible senior notes interest	75,603		18,552
Depreciation and amortization	79,595		85,438
Other	28,879		15,679
Deferred tax assets	517,683		449,216

Acquired intangible assets	(530)		(86,567)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(113,118)		(124,833)
Deferred commissions	(12,949)		(13,468)
Capitalized internal-use software development costs	(30,559)		(59,837)
Deferred tax liabilities	(157,156)		(284,705)
Valuation allowance	(41,250)		(37,143)
Net deferred tax assets	$	319,277	$	127,368

Summary of Valuation Allowance

As summary of activity in the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Beginning balance	$	37,143	$	32,602	$	26,046
Charges to income tax expense	4,392		4,707		6,588
Release of valuation allowance	(285)		(166)		(32)
Ending balance	$	41,250	$	37,143	$	32,602

Schedule of Operating Loss Carryforwards

The Company's NOL and tax credit carryforwards in U.S. federal, state and foreign jurisdictions as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands, except years):


	2022		2021		Expirations at Various Dates Through:
NOL carryforwards:
Federal	$	30,100	$	44,000	2037
State	22,400		15,500		2042
Foreign	40,100		180,100		2037
Federal and state research and development tax credit and other credit carryforwards	121,300		113,500		2037

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	22,563	$	24,105	$	27,359
Gross increases – tax positions of prior periods	3,880		4,293		2,539
Gross increases – current period tax positions	45,975		3,607		1,946
Gross decreases – tax positions of prior periods	(688)		(816)		(3,540)
Gross decreases – lapse of applicable statute of limitations	(3,772)		(8,626)		(4,199)
Balance at end of year	$	67,958	$	22,563	$	24,105

Segment and Geographic Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment and Geographic Information

The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is the chief executive officer and the executive management team. As of December 31, 2022, the Company is currently organized and operates as one reportable and operating segment. The Company is not organized by market and is managed and operated as one business. A single management team that reports to the chief executive officer comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not operate any material separate lines of business or separate business entities with respect to its services. Accordingly, the Company does not accumulate discrete financial information with respect to separate entities and does not have separate operating or reportable segments.

The Company deploys its servers into networks worldwide. Net property and equipment, excluding internal-use software and operating lease right-of-use assets, located in the U.S. and foreign locations, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Property and equipment, net, excluding internal-use software, located in the U.S.	$	568,590	$	568,040
Property and equipment, net, excluding internal-use software, located in foreign locations	516,127		510,695
Operating lease right-of-use assets located in the U.S.	608,854		625,424
Operating lease right-of-use assets located in foreign locations	204,518		190,330

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 34
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8981-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9031-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (e)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8844-108599

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9038-108599

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9054-108599

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8657-108599

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510

+ Details

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets - Incremental Customer Contract Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense related to deferred costs	$ 52,691	$ 58,433	$ 61,682
Incremental costs capitalized	$ 47,416	$ 56,509	$ 67,058

Accrued Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Payroll and other related benefits	$	172,670	$	222,535
Income taxes payable	76,459		72,946
Bandwidth and co-location expenses	79,937		72,904
Property, use and other taxes	30,711		33,883
Professional service fees	3,054		2,929
Other accrued expenses	4,186		6,393
Total	$	367,017	$	411,590

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Dec. 31, 2022
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location	Boston, Massachusetts
Auditor Firm ID	238

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets - Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Prepaid income taxes	$ 33,898	$ 32,021
Prepaid sales and other taxes	31,285	28,300
Prepaid equipment and software maintenance	16,348	10,661
Deferred commissions	37,316	43,562
Other prepaid expenses	51,194	35,109
Other current assets	14,999	16,660
Total	$ 185,040	$ 166,313

Acquisitions - Schedule of Purchase Price Allocation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Oct. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Goodwill				$ 2,763,838	$ 2,156,254	$ 1,674,371
Linode
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase consideration	$ 898,516
Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	26,678
Accounts receivable	7,171
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,478
Property and equipment	56,268
Operating lease right-of-use assets	17,000
Identifiable intangible assets	196,020
Goodwill	617,292
Deferred income tax assets	2,528
Other assets	292
Total assets acquired	927,727
Accounts payable	(5,767)
Accrued expenses	(1,958)
Operating lease liabilities	(17,235)
Other liabilities	(4,251)
Total liabilities assumed	(29,211)
Net assets acquired	$ 898,516
Guardicore Ltd.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase consideration		$ 610,693
Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash		27,252
Accounts receivable		10,179
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,307
Property and equipment		1,211
Operating lease right-of-use assets		2,657
Identifiable intangible assets		123,600
Goodwill		479,834
Deferred income tax assets		9,686
Other assets		890
Total assets acquired		656,616
Accounts payable		(1,523)
Accrued liabilities		(7,742)
Deferred revenue		(35,658)
Operating lease liabilities		(1,000)
Total liabilities assumed		(45,923)
Net assets acquired		$ 610,693
Asavie
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase consideration			$ 154,952
Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash			26,847
Accounts receivable			14,002
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			995
Property and equipment			2,274
Operating lease right-of-use assets			6,104
Identifiable intangible assets			58,070
Goodwill			70,228
Other assets			395
Total assets acquired			178,915
Accounts payable			(951)
Accrued liabilities			(5,926)
Deferred revenue			(3,136)
Operating lease liabilities			(6,104)
Deferred income tax liabilities			(6,965)
Other liabilities			(881)
Total liabilities assumed			(23,963)
Net assets acquired			$ 154,952

Akamai Foundation	12 Months Ended
Akamai Foundation	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Akamai Foundation	Akamai FoundationThe Akamai Foundation is a private non-profit organization founded in 2000 by certain current and former employees of the Company (the “Foundation”). The Company has the right to appoint the directors of the Foundation, but receives no economic benefit from the Foundation’s initiatives, therefore the Foundation is not consolidated. The Foundation's initiatives are to support youth education, with a focus on mathematics and science, as well as other charitable causes. In 2020, the Foundation expanded its initiatives to include supporting increased diversity in the technology industry. The Company contributed $20.0 million in that year in support of the Foundation's expanded initiatives. This expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Accounts Receivable - Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross accounts receivable	$ 685,123	$ 677,323
Allowance for current expected credit losses and other reserves	(5,917)	(1,397)	$ (1,822)	$ (1,880)
Accounts receivable, net	679,206	675,926
Trade accounts receivable
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross accounts receivable	490,162	501,959
Unbilled accounts receivable
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross accounts receivable	$ 194,961	$ 175,364

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Based Compensation Expense

Components of total stock-based compensation expense included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	28,354	$	27,143	$	24,829
Research and development	78,116		65,950		48,855
Sales and marketing	47,789		46,342		65,257
General and administrative	62,926		63,324		58,470
Total stock-based compensation	217,185		202,759		197,411
Provision for income taxes	(46,829)		(56,084)		(62,153)
Total stock-based compensation, net of taxes	$	170,356	$	146,675	$	135,258

Schedule of Assumptions Used


	2022		2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	0.5		0.5		0.5
Risk-free interest rate	1.9	%	0.1	%	0.7	%
Expected volatility	26.0	%	32.2	%	30.4	%
Dividend yield	—	%	—	%	—	%

The grant-date fair values of the TSR-based RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions:


	2022		2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	3.0		3.0		3.0
Risk-free interest rate	1.7	%	0.3	%	0.7	%
Akamai historical share price volatility	30.3	%	32.7	%	28.2	%
Average volatility of peer-company share price	40.7	%	39.6	%	28.9	%

Schedule of Summary of Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Shares (in thousands)	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	1	$	41.08
Exercised	—	40.44


Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43
Exercisable at December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43
Vested or expected to vest December 31, 2022	1	$	41.28	0.6	$	43

Schedule Of Deferred Stock Units Activity

DSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Units (in thousands)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	98	$	72.96
Granted	27	97.40
Vested and distributed	(45)	73.33
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	80	$	81.11

Schedule of Restricted Stock Units by Type

Different types of restricted stock units ("RSUs") granted by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


			December 31, 2022
RSUs with service-based vesting conditions			3,243
RSUs with market-based vesting conditions			81
RSUs with performance-based vesting conditions			239
Total			3,563

Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity

RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:


	Units (in thousands)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	4,389	$	95.75
Granted	3,563	107.17
Vested	(2,096)	110.57
Forfeited	(578)	102.92
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	5,278	$	121.92

Restructuring

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

As a result of MUFG's intention to suspend operations, the Company recorded as a restructuring charge an impairment of $7.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily related to certain capitalized internal-use software assets that will no longer be used in operations or will not generate sufficient future cash flows to support their values. The Company does not expect to incur material additional charges related to this action.

Additionally, the Company launched its FlexBase program in May 2022, which is a flexible workspace arrangement that allows employees to choose to work from their home office, a Company office or a combination of both. This is a significant change to the way employees worked prior to the program, and prior to office shutdowns as part of the COVID-19 pandemic. Planning for the program commenced in 2021, and in the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company began to identify certain facilities that were no longer needed. As a result, impairments of right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements were recognized. The Company has incurred expenses of $3.6 million and $3.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to this action. Management is still evaluating the Company's office utilization, and additional charges related to such type of action may occur in 2023.

During the fourth quarter of 2020, management committed to an action to restructure certain parts of the Company to better position itself to become more agile in delivering its solutions. As a result, certain headcount reductions were necessary and certain capitalized internal-use software charges were realized for software not yet placed into service that will not be completed and implemented due to this action. The Company has incurred expenses of $7.9 million and $23.6 million during

the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to this action. The Company does not expect to incur any additional charges related to this action.

The Company also recognizes restructuring charges for redundant employees, facilities and contracts associated with completed acquisitions. Restructuring charges related to acquisitions were not material in any of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

The activity of the Company's accrual for employee severance and related benefits for all restructuring actions during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Employee Severance and Related Benefits
Balance January 1, 2020	$	5,707
Costs incurred	26,332
Cash disbursements	(10,118)

Translation adjustments and other	130
Balance December 31, 2020	22,051
Costs incurred	6,600
Cash disbursements	(27,095)

Translation adjustments and other	(368)
Balance December 31, 2021	1,188
Costs incurred	747
Cash disbursements	(1,209)

Translation adjustments and other	(185)
Balance December 31, 2022	$	541

Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Convertible Senior Notes

The 2027 Notes consisted of the following components as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Liability component:
Principal	$	1,150,000	$	1,150,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(8,707)		(169,030)
Net carrying amount	$	1,141,293	$	980,970

Equity component:	$	—	$	220,529

The 2025 Notes consisted of the following components as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Liability component:
Principal	$	1,150,000	$	1,150,000
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net of amortization	(6,035)		(154,803)
Net carrying amount	$	1,143,965	$	995,197

Equity component:	$	—	$	285,225

Schedule of Interest Expense

Interest expense included in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	2022		2021		2020
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	$	4,688	$	69,697	$	67,153
Coupon interest payable on 2025 Notes	1,437		1,437		1,437
Coupon interest payable on 2027 Notes	4,312		4,313		4,312
Interest payable under credit agreements	952		557		548
Capitalization of interest expense	(293)		(3,672)		(4,330)
Total interest expense	$	11,096	$	72,332	$	69,120

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e24072-122690

Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124435984&loc=d3e28541-108399

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=d3e21506-112644

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466577&loc=SL123495735-112612

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
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-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124435984&loc=d3e28551-108399

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
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-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466577&loc=SL123495743-112612

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=d3e21521-112644

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=d3e21538-112644

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123599511&loc=d3e64711-112823

Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 55
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114775985&loc=d3e28878-108400

Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=d3e21475-112644

+ Details

Debt - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2019 USD ($) d $ / shares shares	May 31, 2018 USD ($) d $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2014 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Closing stock price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 84.30
Repurchases of common stock			$ 608,010,000	$ 522,255,000	$ 193,588,000
Convertible Debt \| 2027 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issued	$ 1,150,000,000		$ 1,150,000,000	1,150,000,000
Interest rate	0.375%		0.375%
Conversion rate	0.0086073
Conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 116.18
Threshold trading days exceeding price \| d	20
Threshold consecutive trading days exceeding price \| d	30
Threshold greater than percentage of stock price trigger	130.00%
Threshold trading days not exceeding price	5 days
Threshold consecutive trading days not exceeding price	5 days
Threshold less than percentage of stock price trigger	98.00%
Fair value of convertible senior notes			$ 1,111,000,000	1,359,300,000
Closing stock price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 84.30
Repurchases of common stock	$ 100,000,000
Payments for purchase of convertible note hedge and warrant transactions	127,100,000
Payments for note hedge transactions	$ 312,200,000
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares	9.9
Warrant strike price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 178.74
Proceeds from sale of warrants	$ 185,200,000
Convertible Debt \| 2025 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issued		$ 1,150,000,000	$ 1,150,000,000	1,150,000,000
Interest rate		0.125%	0.125%
Conversion rate		0.010515
Conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 95.10
Threshold trading days exceeding price \| d		20
Threshold consecutive trading days exceeding price \| d		30
Threshold greater than percentage of stock price trigger		130.00%
Threshold trading days not exceeding price		5 days
Threshold consecutive trading days not exceeding price		5 days
Threshold less than percentage of stock price trigger		98.00%
Fair value of convertible senior notes			$ 1,209,100,000	$ 1,510,400,000
Closing stock price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 84.30
Repurchases of common stock		$ 46,200,000
Payments for purchase of convertible note hedge and warrant transactions		141,800,000
Payments for note hedge transactions		$ 261,700,000
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares		12.1
Warrant strike price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 149.18
Proceeds from sale of warrants		$ 119,900,000
Convertible Debt \| 2019 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issued						$ 690,000,000

Employee Benefit Plan	12 Months Ended
Employee Benefit Plan	Dec. 31, 2022
Compensation Related Costs [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plan	Employee Benefit PlanThe Company has established a savings plan for its employees that is designed to be qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Eligible employees are permitted to contribute to this plan through payroll deductions within statutory and plan limits. The Company contributed $18.8 million, $17.7 million and $17.5 million of cash to the savings plan for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, under a matching program.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable reserve	$ 5,917	$ 1,397
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (in shares)	700,000	700,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	700,000,000	700,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	156,494,816	160,512,111
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	156,494,816	160,512,111

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets - Deferred Cost (Details) - Commission and Incentive Payments - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts	$ 66,385	$ 73,998
Deferred costs included in prepaid expenses and other current assets
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts	37,316	43,562
Deferred costs included in other assets
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Deferred costs associated with obtaining customer contracts	$ 29,069	$ 30,436

Net Income per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Components Used in Diluted and Basic Income Per Common Share

The components used in the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	2022		2021		2020
Numerator:
Net income	$	523,672	$	651,642	$	557,054
Denominator:
Shares used for basic net income per share	159,089		162,665		162,490
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options	21		21		31
RSUs and DSUs	637		1,518		1,819
Convertible senior notes	720		1,600		873
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes	—		—		—
Shares used for diluted net income per share	160,467		165,804		165,213
Basic net income per share	$	3.29	$	4.01	$	3.43
Diluted net income per share	$	3.26	$	3.93	$	3.37

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

The number of potentially outstanding shares excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	2022	2021	2020

Service-based RSUs	2,211	776	591
Market- and performance-based RSUs	1,030	1,199	1,409
Convertible senior notes	—	9,898	12,922
Warrants related to issuance of convertible senior notes	21,991	21,991	21,991
Total shares excluded from computation	25,232	33,864	36,913

Accrued Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Payroll and other related benefits	$	172,670	$	222,535
Income taxes payable	76,459		72,946
Bandwidth and co-location expenses	79,937		72,904
Property, use and other taxes	30,711		33,883
Professional service fees	3,054		2,929
Other accrued expenses	4,186		6,393
Total	$	367,017	$	411,590

Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Unaudited Quarterly Financial Results


(in thousands, except per share data)	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Year ended December 31, 2022
Revenue	$	903,647	$	903,332	$	881,896	$	927,779
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets)	332,752		346,649		346,450		357,968
Net income	133,376		137,840		123,694		128,762
Basic net income per share	0.83		0.86		0.78		0.82
Diluted net income per share	0.82		0.85		0.78		0.82
Year ended December 31, 2021
Revenue	$	842,708	$	852,824	$	860,333	$	905,358
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization of acquired intangible assets)	306,687		320,000		316,866		325,403
Net income	155,695		156,497		178,916		160,534
Basic net income per share	0.95		0.96		1.10		0.99
Diluted net income per share	0.94		0.94		1.08		0.97

The changes to the condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of the error were as follows (in thousands):


	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
March 31, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	265,946	$	8,610	$	274,556
Total assets	8,303,779		8,610		8,312,389
Deferred income tax liabilities	41,131		(5,603)		35,528
Total liabilities	4,003,257		(5,603)		3,997,654
Retained earnings	1,515,842		14,213		1,530,055
Total stockholders’ equity	4,300,522		14,213		4,314,735
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,303,779		8,610		8,312,389

June 30, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	292,817	$	19,698	$	312,515
Total assets	8,211,054		19,698		8,230,752
Deferred income tax liabilities	39,367		(12,818)		26,549
Total liabilities	3,930,576		(12,818)		3,917,758
Retained earnings	1,635,379		32,516		1,667,895
Total stockholders’ equity	4,280,478		32,516		4,312,994
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,211,054		19,698		8,230,752

September 30, 2022
Deferred income tax assets	$	285,722	$	29,112	$	314,834
Total assets	8,107,369		29,112		8,136,481
Deferred income tax liabilities	38,146		(18,944)		19,202
Total liabilities	3,874,185		(18,944)		3,855,241
Retained earnings	1,743,533		48,056		1,791,589
Total stockholders’ equity	4,233,184		48,056		4,281,240
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	8,107,369		29,112		8,136,481

Changes to the condensed consolidated statements of income as a result of the error were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(34,050)	$	14,213	$	(19,837)
Net income	119,163		14,213		133,376
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.74	$	0.09	$	0.83
Diluted	$	0.73	$	0.09	$	0.82


	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022						For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(51,058)	$	18,303	$	(32,755)	$	(85,108)	$	32,516	$	(52,592)
Net income	119,537		18,303		137,840		238,700		32,516		271,216
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.75	$	0.11	$	0.86	$	1.49	$	0.20	$	1.69
Diluted	$	0.74	$	0.11	$	0.85	$	1.47	$	0.20	$	1.67


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2022						For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Revised
Provision for income taxes	$	(50,006)	$	15,540	$	(34,466)	$	(135,114)	$	48,056	$	(87,058)
Net income	108,154		15,540		123,694		346,854		48,056		394,910
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.68	$	0.10	$	0.78	$	2.17	$	0.30	$	2.47
Diluted	$	0.68	$	0.10	$	0.78	$	2.15	$	0.30	$	2.45